Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 1 (of 2)Clark, George Thomas
History
Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 1 (of 2)
Clark, George Thomas
Architecture -- England; Architecture, Medieval; Military architecture
The details of the material supplied are recorded in the close rolls of
the period. The particulars of the siege itself have been preserved by
the neighbouring monks of Dunstable, from whose town, and probably from
whose monastery, the judge had been taken, and whose fellow-townsmen
played an important part in the siege. The king brought with him the
Archbishop of Canterbury and divers bishops and abbots, by whose
interest was granted to him two men from every hyde of their church
lands to work the siege engines; an aid of “carucage” or a mark from
each caruca or plough land of demesne, and 2s. from each held in
tenancy, gifts which were guarded against being drawn into a precedent
by special charter from the king.
Falk left his brother to abide the attack, and sought aid on the lands
of the Earl of Chester, Ranulph Blundeville. The earl, however, was
with the king, together with Peter de Rupibus, bishop of Winchester,
William de Cantelupe, Brian de l’Isle, and Peter de Maulay. All were
suspected of disaffection, and in consequence the earl and the bishop
left the camp, although the earl was afterwards brought by the Bishop
of Chester to his duty. Falk remained at Northampton until he fled to
Wales.
The siege operations included on the east front a petrary and two
mangonels, which daily battered the opposite tower; on the west front,
two mangonels bore upon the old tower; on the north and south fronts
were two mangonels, one on each, and each breached its opposing wall.
The operations of these seven pieces of ordnance were materially aided
by two large wooden turrets, tall enough to command the whole castle,
and supported by other smaller turrets, all charged with archers and
crossbow-men. There was also the timber covered-way, known as a cat,
by the aid of which miners were able to undermine the wall, while the
bowmen cleared the battlements above. These works were thickly covered
with hides, rendering them proof against fire; and the slingers, of
whom there were many, probably kept up a general and incessant shower
of pebbles upon all who dared to show themselves on the ramparts.
The works were stormed by four vigorous assaults. First the barbican
was taken, with a loss of four or five of the assailants. Then entrance
was effected into the outer ward. This was the work of the men of
Dunstable, and was attended with severe loss. In this ward were stored
most of the munitions of the place,—arms, horses and harness, cattle,
bacon and live hogs. Much forage was here burned, with the houses and
sheds in the ward.
The miners next underworked the wall next the old tower, which wall
fell. The resistance here appears to have been obstinate, many lives
were lost upon the breach, and ten of the most forward assailants were
taken and carried into the interior of the place.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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