Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 1 (of 2)Clark, George Thomas
History
Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 1 (of 2)
Clark, George Thomas
Architecture -- England; Architecture, Medieval; Military architecture
The roof is open, at a very low pitch, with timber ribs rising from
corbels. These, with cross ribs, divide the roof into large panels
of a very curious character. The walls of the chapel are Norman, but
the roof and fittings are mostly Decorated. Maurice, Lord Berkeley,
38 Edward III., obtained from Pope Urban II. a bull bestowing certain
spiritual privileges upon all who worshipped here or in the chapel in
the keep.
The _Cellar_ below the chapel is part of the original castle. Its level
is a little below the floor of the hall. It is in plan an equilateral
triangle about 40 feet in the side. Its roof is vaulted and groined
in three hexagonal bays, springing from three shafts of late Norman
character. Nine triangular vaultings, abutting on the walls, complete
this very curious roof. Opening from this is another vault, also a
cellar, at a lower level by about 5 feet. It is much smaller, and has
a ribbed and vaulted roof. Unfortunately it is used as a cellar, and
obscured by modern fittings. It has a small Tudor window.
From the chapel and drawing-room a broad wooden seventeenth century
staircase descends into the hall at its south or dais end, in which is
a large and handsome fireplace, probably of the same date.
The _Hall_ is 32 feet broad by 61 feet long, and has an open pointed
roof. It is built at the ground level against the east curtain, which
is, or was, pierced by four windows, three in the hall and one within
the buttery screen. The latter is late Norman, with slender flanking
shafts. The other three are full centred, with a keel bead at the
angle, and an interior drip. They seem Decorated, and no doubt replace
Norman loops. In the west or court wall are four large and lofty
flat-topped and somewhat peculiar windows of two lights each, broken
into four by a heavy transom. The upper lights are trefoil, the lower
shoulder-headed. Between each pair, outside, is a triangular buttress.
The entrance from the court is in the west side, at the north end,
by a handsome and spacious porch, vaulted and groined. The exterior
doorway is an arch composed of four quite plain straight sides, parts
of an octagon, similar in outline to those above the Berkeley tombs
at Bristol, known locally as the Berkeley arch. This is repeated with
the addition of some ornament in the inner doorway, which opens into
a narrow strip of the hall cut off by the screen. On the left, in the
end wall of the hall, are three fine Berkeley arches opening into
the butteries, of which the central was formerly a door. Above this
passage, high up, is a small music gallery, probably of Tudor date,
or even later. The roof of the hall is poor, but said to be of the
fourteenth century. No doubt this represents the original Norman hall,
rebuilt, as regards the court wall, in the Decorated period.
[Illustration:
Wyman & Sons, Gᵗ. Queen Sᵗ. London. _Face p. 233, Vol. 1._
BERKELEY CASTLE—THE KEEP.
_From the Hall._]
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