Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 1 (of 2)Clark, George Thomas
History
Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 1 (of 2)
Clark, George Thomas
Architecture -- England; Architecture, Medieval; Military architecture
The portal leading from this passage into the inner court has a second
pair of doors, and beyond them a second portcullis. This chamber is not
a part of the regular gatehouse. It forms a sort of porch projecting
from it into the court, and has no upper story. A well-stair on the
left opened from the court, and led up to the embattled platform which
rested on the vault. This subsidiary prolongation of the length and
defences of the entrance passage is believed to be peculiar to Bodiham.
Over the outer part of the passage is the portcullis chamber. It has
at each end a low four-centred arch, which concealed the head of the
grate, when lifted, and above this, at each end, is the customary small
window. The lobby between the well-stair and this chamber is groined
and ribbed, and in the centre is a large boss carved in foliage. The
gatehouse lodges have a pit or sub-basement, perhaps a cellar, perhaps
merely a cavity to keep the floors dry. If cellars, they were entered
by traps in the floor above. There are also, above the basement, two
upper floors.
The lesser gatehouse is placed opposite to the main gate, in the centre
of the southern face of the castle, and though equally lofty, is much
smaller. It is a plain tower 22 feet square, projecting 15 feet in
advance of the curtain, but with no internal projection. The outer gate
is in the centre of the tower, and had a portcullis, and behind it
were folding doors. The entrance passage is 11 feet square, vaulted as
the great gateway, but not so lofty. Right and left are loops raking
the curtain. A door in the west wall opens into the usual well-stair,
contained within the north-west angle. There is no lodge. The inner
portal was closed by doors only. It opened into a passage at the lower
end of the great hall.
In front of, and outside this gatehouse, there project 9 feet into the
moat two walls about 3 feet thick. They seem to have contained between
them a bridge pit, over which a bridge dropped from the gateway,
upon a cross wall which remains. The pit is filled up. Opposite,
the counterscarp of the moat, 62 yards distant, is revetted, and
from it projects a half-hexagonal pier. How this intervening space
was traversed is not now seen. Scarcely by a boat, for the pier is
evidently intended to support a timber bridge, and a boat could not
conveniently be reached from it. Probably there was a footway upon
tressels or wooden piers.
Thus much of the two gatehouses, the only towers which are
machicolated. Each leads into the court of the castle, an open space 86
feet south and north, by 76 feet east and west; round which are placed,
against the curtains, the domestic buildings, 22 to 30 feet in depth,
some of one floor, some of two, but all of nearly equal height, and so
placed as to conceal the curtain and the lower parts of the towers from
the inner court.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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