Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 2 (of 2)Clark, George Thomas
History
Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 2 (of 2)
Clark, George Thomas
Architecture -- England; Architecture, Medieval; Military architecture
Cæsar stayed but three weeks in the country, and may not have visited
Dover; but as, when he returned in the following year with a much
larger force, he seems to have embarked and landed at the same points,
he must have been familiar with the aspect of the port from the sea. As
on this occasion he traversed Kent and crossed the Thames, he probably
left no dangerous force behind him at Dover, which he does not mention,
and which clearly was not then made a rallying point by the Britons.
Had the heights been held in force, he would probably in the first
instance have reduced them, or at any rate have mentioned the fact in
his narrative. During the century that followed Cæsar’s appearance,
Rome took no active part in British affairs, but it is probable that a
considerable trade sprang up between the island and the Continent, and
the Britons made great advances in commerce and civilisation. Towns
were founded and coins struck. The next military invasion took place,
A.D. 43, ninety-eight years after the first appearance of Cæsar, and
under the reign of Claudian, and command of Aulus Plautius, who landed
with four legions. The Cantii then held a tract nearly corresponding
to the present county of Kent. Durovernum had been founded amidst its
indigenous alders, and Camalodunum, beyond the Thames, was the chief
city of the Trinobantes. Where Plautius landed is not precisely known.
Probably at several points on the open beach between Rich borough and
Laymen. Whether the Britons mustered north or south of the Thames is
also unknown; but, when Claudian followed his lieutenant, the way lay
open to that river, and he marched at once upon Camalodunum, where the
Trinobantes were put to flight. Plautius probably subdued the country
as far west as the Axe and the Tamar, and his progress may, it is
thought, be traced by the remains of his rectangular camps opposed to
those of larger area and irregular outline thrown up by the retiring
Britons. As, in the year A.D. 40, Caligula had caused a lighthouse
to be set up on the heights of Boulogne, it is not improbable that
Plautius was the builder of the corresponding tower at Dover.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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