Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 2 (of 2)Clark, George Thomas
History
Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 2 (of 2)
Clark, George Thomas
Architecture -- England; Architecture, Medieval; Military architecture
The turrets are broken down nearly to the level of the curtains, but
parts of their chambers remain. The west face is modified by the
forebuilding. There are upon it two pilasters, but they stop at the
level of the first floor. The turrets have an offset of 6 inches at
two-thirds of their height, and the curtains one at a rather lower
level. These are the only exterior reductions in the thickness of the
wall, which is vertical. The walls, at the floor level, are 13 to 14
feet thick, and there were two floors only—a basement and an upper or
main floor. The basement chamber is 60 feet by 30 feet, and 20 feet
high; the upper floor about 4 feet larger, the wall being reduced by 2
feet, upon which shelf the floor rested. This main chamber was about 40
feet high. The basement has lately been probed and opened. It is filled
with made ground, varying from 6 to 15 feet deep. The walls evidently
go through the made ground, and rest either upon the rock or on the
original black vegetable soil. The sacrifice of so much space in so
costly a structure is curious. It is evidently intentional, for the
character of the masonry shows it was not meant to be seen.
The north-east turret contained a well-stair 10 feet diameter, which
ascended from the basement to the battlements, communicating with the
first floor. It was lighted by six round-headed loops, of which three
to the south-east remain, and open upon a chamfer which fills up the
hollow angle between the turret and the east curtain. The stair seems
to have opened below by a short bent passage in the north wall, though
in the restoration it has been made to open into the chamber in the
east wall. The whole north curtain is gone, from the plinth upwards,
and has been removed with some care, its junction with the north-west
turret being cut smooth. At the other end its removal has necessarily
carried away half the staircase, the base of which has been entirely
restored. This basement chamber is surrounded by a low, narrow plinth
or step, 2 feet high and 1 foot broad. The floor was paved. In the
south wall are three grand window recesses, round-headed, and each
placed in a reveal about 1 foot broad and deep and square-headed. The
arches spring from a plain abacus. They are 8 feet wide and 12 feet
high to the springing. At present these recesses are parallel-sided,
and open throughout. It is evident they once were deeply splayed, and
contained small lights or loops, but the splays were cut away, and
the loops replaced by large heavily-mullioned windows of the Tudor
period, which windows have again been removed. In the east wall is
a similar recess, 6 feet broad, and unaltered. Here the splay from
outside and inside contracts in an hour-glass fashion to a loop in the
centre of the wall, with a slight shoulder to intercept an arrow. As
the parallel sides of the loop are 2 feet thick, and it is 6 feet from
the face of the wall, it is clear that no arrow could be discharged
hence save nearly straight forwards.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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