Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 2 (of 2)Clark, George Thomas
History
Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 2 (of 2)
Clark, George Thomas
Architecture -- England; Architecture, Medieval; Military architecture
The forebuilding covering the entrance forms almost as remarkable a
feature here as at Rochester or Middleham, though it has suffered much
from alterations. It was a rectangular tower built against the west
wall of the keep, and projecting 38 feet. Its walls are 6 feet thick,
bonded into and of the date of the keep. The west wall has been in
part removed down to the plinth, but the two other walls are tolerably
perfect. It was of two stages and about 40 feet high. The door was in
the south wall, opening from the inner ward. It may be traced, but has
been in part replaced by an entrance of Perpendicular date, now also
broken away. Above the old door, 12 feet from the ground, is a plain
Norman string. From the door a straight stair, reversed with a second
flight, must have risen 25 feet to reach the first floor. At that
level, over the entrance, was a chamber, of which part of the Norman
wall remains, but which was rebuilt by Dudley, and has been nearly all
destroyed. Here was possibly a chapel, as at Middleham. The entrance
to the first floor of the keep opens from this level, in the curtain,
close to the south-west turret. The doorway, like that within, is quite
plain, and has a flat, segmental head under an arch of relief, also
segmental, but less flat. It looks as though the lower arch had been
inserted to carry the joists of the roof, but it is really original.
The pitch of the roof of the forebuilding has been thrice altered, as
is shown by the grooves cut in the wall of the turret. The flattest
is the latest. The roofs seem to have been of the lean-to character.
Whether there was a chamber below the stair, or whether there was a way
at the base of the stair into the lower floor of the keep, as has been
already pointed out, cannot now be ascertained.
It would seem that in the Perpendicular period this forebuilding was
much altered, its entrance a little shifted, and in it were placed
several piers, 3 feet square, supporting full-centred arches, of 9
feet span, on which the timbers of the floor above were laid. A plain
doorway of 6 feet opening was cut in the curtain forming the north end,
and in the exterior of the wall an alcove was formed of 13 feet span
by 6 feet deep, having a segmental arch, and supported by three plain
ribs with a hollow chamfer. This alcove opened upon a terrace, which
overlooked the northern part of the outer ward, and formed a sort of
landing and staircase, giving a descent of four or five steps from the
door to the terrace. The object seems to have been to form a handsome
way from the inner ward to the garden north of the keep. The piers and
arches might be of the date of Elizabeth or James, but their mouldings
and parts of the adjacent walls are clearly earlier, and no doubt the
work of the Lancastrian owners, who in that case must have indulged
in a garden. Dudley made further alterations, and a part of the south
front of the forebuilding still bears the date of 1575, and has Italian
ornaments.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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