Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 2 (of 2)Clark, George Thomas
History
Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 2 (of 2)
Clark, George Thomas
Architecture -- England; Architecture, Medieval; Military architecture
The two members continued in the Crown until Henry I. granted them
to Geoffrey of Clinton, or Glinton, in Oxfordshire, one of his
chamberlains and his treasurer, and possibly afterwards justiciary
of England. Dugdale says he built the castle, and one of his grants
shows that he had an important residence there, though it may be
doubted whether any of the masonry now standing is his work. The date
of Henry’s grant is not known, but no doubt it was before 1122, about
which year Geoffrey de Clinton founded the priory of Kenilworth, from
the local endowment of which he reserved his castle and park. Speed
places the building of the church as early as 1112, but Robert, Bishop
of Chester, who was consecrated in 1121, is one of the witnesses to
the foundation charter. The Abbey of Stoneleigh was not established
at that place till 1154, when Henry II. translated it from Radmore in
Staffordshire. To Geoffrey de Clinton, who was living as late as 1129,
succeeded Geoffrey his son, a chamberlain to Henry II., who acquired
ten knights’ fees in the county by marriage with Agnes, daughter of
Roger de Bellomont, Earl of Warwick. These he held, 12 Henry II. He
was a large benefactor to the monks of Kenilworth, but he alienated
the castle to the king, who held it, 12 Henry II., for some years. It
was then recovered by Geoffrey, who, in a charter to the priory, says,
“Postquam castellum meum et Honorem meum recuperavi.” It remained
in his hands for about seven years, when it was again obtained by
the king, who held it, 19 Henry II. and 27 Henry II., as did his
successors. The date of Geoffrey’s death is unknown, but it was after
1165. The king evidently strengthened the place, for the entries in
his reign relating to it are frequent and important. In 19 Henry II.,
it was victualled and garrisoned: the prices and quantities of the
stores are set down in the Pipe Roll. In 27 Henry II., ward-silver and
a commutation for castle-guard were paid to the sheriff, and rent,
probably from persons living there for security. In 30 Henry II., the
walls were repaired. In it there was then a prison, which was repaired,
31 Henry II. The castle was kept in order during Richard’s reign, and
was much valued by King John, who, early in his reign, took a re-lease
from Henry, son of the second Geoffrey de Clinton, with whom, or his
son, another Henry, the name disappeared from Kenilworth.
King John paid five visits to Kenilworth between 1204 and 1215, and
by his order large sums of money were spent upon the castle, and much
wine was sent there. In 13 John, the sheriff is allowed sums of £361
and £102, and in the following year £224—all for buildings. In 17 John,
£402 was thus spent. No doubt, King John may have built the keep in
those years; it is, however, more probable that it was of earlier date,
the work of the second Geoffrey; but John may well have built Lunn’s
Tower.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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