Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 2 (of 2)Clark, George Thomas
History
Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 2 (of 2)
Clark, George Thomas
Architecture -- England; Architecture, Medieval; Military architecture
The castle seems to have been composed of a mound on its south-west
quarter; a hall and other buildings on the west or river front; the
church of St. Mary de Castro opposite to the hall; and on the east side
a gatehouse between the church and the mound; another gatehouse close
north of the church, and a wall which runs east of the church, and
forms a part of the eastern boundary of its churchyard. There is also
the mill which, though modern, covers the ancient site.
The area within which these remains are included is known as “The
Castle View.” This evidently represents the precinct of the Norman, and
probably of the Saxon castle, and has been preserved as a distinct and,
in part, extra-parochial district, vested in the duchy of Lancaster.
The Castle View is nearly square, and may include four or possibly five
acres. In 1861 it was returned as “The Liberty of the Castle View,” and
contained 29 houses and 131 persons. The boundaries are the line of the
ancient circumscribing ditch, or nearly so. On the south they divide
the castle from the Newark, just including the mound. On the east they
take the line from the present south gatehouse, by the old wall, and
thence by the edge of the road down to the mill, including the house
and garden attached to the Sessions House. The ditch is everywhere
filled up, but in the garden north of the Hall the line of the wall is
marked by a step of from 8 to 10 feet.
This line includes St. Mary’s, which was once the collegiate church
or chapel of the castle. If it be that the castle was enlarged by
Robert Bossu, it is probable that the older defence just excluded the
church, and took the line of the present upper gatehouse, cutting off
the churchyard and church, and placing the latter “juxta et infra” the
castle wall. St. Mary’s was made parochial in 1400, the rest of the
View remaining extra parochial, and it is not impossible that this was
a restoration to the church of its ecclesiastical position before it
was included within the Norman military precinct.
The mound, though broad, is at present less lofty than is usual in the
more important Saxon castles, having been lowered 40 years ago by 12 or
15 feet. It is now about 30 feet high and 100 feet diameter upon its
circular top, which is quite flat, without a trace of old building upon
it. It has now no ditch, and is connected with no ancient wall; but,
though probably within the ancient _enceinte_, it may, as at Warwick
and Tamworth, have actually formed a part of it. The original well
still remains in the mound and is in use.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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