Education, Medical -- Massachusetts -- 19th century; Homeopathy; Libraries, Medical -- Massachusetts -- 19th century; Medicine
Let us now take a general glance at some of the conditions of the
early settlers; and first, as to the healthfulness of the climate. The
mortality of the season that followed the landing of the Pilgrims at
Plymouth has been sufficiently accounted for. After this, the colonists
seem to have found the new country agreeing very well with their English
constitutions. Its clear air is the subject of eulogy. Its dainty
springs of sweet water are praised not only by Higginson and Wood, but
even the mischievous Morton says, that for its delicate waters “Canaan
came not near this country.” There is a tendency to dilate on these
simple blessings, which reminds one a little of the Marchioness in
Dickens's story, with her orange-peel-and-water beverage. Still more
does one feel the warmth of coloring,--such as we expect from converts
to a new faith, and settlers who want to entice others over to their
clearings, when Winslow speaks, in 1621, of “abundance of roses, white,
red, and damask; single, but very sweet indeed;” a most of all, however,
when, in the same connection, he says, “Here are grapes white and
red, and very sweet and strong also.” This of our wild grape, a little
vegetable Indian, which scalps a civilized man's mouth, as his animal
representative scalps his cranium. But there is something quite charming
in Winslow's picture of the luxury in which they are living. Lobsters,
oysters, eels, mussels, fish and fowl, delicious fruit, including the
grapes aforesaid,--if they only had “kine, horses, and sheep,” he makes
no question but men would live as contented here as in any part of the
world. We cannot help admiring the way in which they took their trials,
and made the most of their blessings.
“And how Content they were,” says Cotton Mather, “when an Honest Man, as
I have heard, inviting his Friends to a Dish of Clams, at the Table gave
Thanks to Heaven, who had given them to suck the abundance of the Seas,
and of the Treasures Hid in the Sands!”
Strangely enough, as it would seem, except for this buoyant
determination to make the best of everything, they hardly appear to
recognize the difference of the climate from that which they had left.
After almost three years' experience, Winslow says, he can scarce
distinguish New England from Old England, in respect of heat and cold,
frost, snow, rain, winds, etc. The winter, he thinks (if there is a
difference), is sharper and longer; but yet he may be deceived by the
want of the comforts he enjoyed at home. He cannot conceive any
climate to agree better with the constitution of the English, not being
oppressed with extremity of heats, nor nipped by biting cold:
“By which means, blessed be God, we enjoy our health, notwithstanding
those difficulties we have undergone, in such a measure as would have
been admired, if we had lived in England with the like means.”
Edward Johnson, after mentioning the shifts to which they were put for
food, says,--
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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