Camphor | -- | 5 Pimento | -- | 3-1/2 Black pepper | -- | 45 | | XIV. FOETID SUBSTANCES | | | | Juice of onions | -- | 3-1/2 Watery infusion of assaf[oe]tida | -- | 27 ---- Santonicum, or worm seed | 1 | -- | | XV. MISCELLANEOUS SUBSTANCES. | | | | Sulphur mixed with oil | 2 | -- Æthiops mineral | 2 | -- Sulphur | 2 | -- Solution of gunpowder | -- | 1-1/2 ---- of soap | -- | 19 Oxymel of squills | -- | 3-1/2 Sweet oil | 2 | 30 In the application of these experiments to the human body, an allowance must always be made for the alteration which the several anthelmintic substances that have been mentioned, may undergo from mixture and diffusion in the stomach and bowels. In order to derive any benefit from these experiments, as well as from the observations that have been made upon anthelmintic medicines, it will be necessary to divide them into such as act, 1. Mechanically, 2. Chemically upon worms; and, 3. Into those which possess a power composed of chemical and mechanical qualities. 1. The mechanical medicines act indirectly and directly upon the worms. Those which act _indirectly_ are, vomits, purges, bitter and astringent substances, particularly aloes, rhubarb, bark, bear's-foot, and worm-seed. Sweet oil acts indirectly and very feebly upon worms. It was introduced into medicine from its efficacy in destroying the botts in horses; but the worms which infest the human bowels, are of a different nature, and possess very different organs of life from those which are found in the stomach of a horse. Those mechanical medicines which act _directly_ upon the worms, are cowhage[45] and powder of tin. The last of these medicines has been supposed to act chemically upon the worms, from the arsenic which adheres to it; but from the length of time a worm lived in a solution of white arsenic, it is probable the tin acts altogether mechanically upon them. [45] Dolichos Pruriens, of Linnæus. 2. The medicines which act chemically upon worms, appear, from our experiments, to be very numerous. Nature has wisely guarded children against the morbid effects of worms, by implanting in them an early appetite for common salt, ripe fruits, and saccharine substances; all of which appear to be among the most speedy and effectual poisons for worms.