Footnote 13: Phil. Trans. 1667, vol. ii, p. 539. Footnote 14: _Hunter_ on the Blood, p. 54. Footnote 15: Medical Reports, p. 75. Footnote 16: Zoonomia, vol. 1, p. 40. Footnote 17: An Essay on Respiration by _J. Bostock_, M. D. Footnote 18: A question has arisen, says _Mr. Brodie_, (_Manuscript Notes_) whether the whole of the brain is essential to the function of respiration, or whether the power of calling the respiratory muscles into action may not reside in some particular part of that organ? It has been stated by _Le Gallois_ that if you expose the cavity of the cranium, and remove the upper part of the brain, the muscles of respiration continue to act as usual; if, however, the dissection be continued, as soon as that portion of the _Medulla Oblongata_ is removed which corresponds to the _Corpora Olivaria_, their action is immediately suspended. The theory which such an experiment naturally establishes has received no inconsiderable support from the history of a fœtus, published by _Mr. Lawrence_ in the Medico Chirurgical Transactions: in this monster the _Cerebrum_ and _Cerebellum_ were entirely absent, but the _Medulla Spinalis_ was continued for about an inch above the _Foramen Magnum_ of the occiput, so as to form an imperfect _Medulla Oblongata_, and to give origin to several nerves. Death did not take place immediately after birth, as in other instances of cerebral deficiency, but the child breathed for four days after it had been expelled from the uterus. Footnote 19: _Lower_, as early as the year 1667, shewed that if the nerves which go to the diaphragm in a dog be divided, he breathes “like a broken-winded horse.” _Phil. Trans._ vol. ii, p. 544. Footnote 20: While this work was in progress we have read an account of a person who, being in a state of debility, died suddenly from the shock of a shower bath at Brighton. In this case Syncope was probably occasioned in the same manner as by a blow on the head. Footnote 21: _Trance._ Although this term is extremely familiar, it does not appear that any precise meaning is attached to it; the popular notion is that the body may for a time be abandoned by the soul, and remain for a certain period in a deep sleep, during which the exercise of the vital functions is so obscure, that the individual is reduced to a state of close simulation of death. Footnote 22: