Medical Sketches of the Expedition to Egypt, from IndiaMcGrigor, James, Sir
History
Medical Sketches of the Expedition to Egypt, from India
McGrigor, James, Sir
Great Britain. Army -- Sanitary affairs; Medicine, Military
Leeches, astringent and sedative lotions, cataplasms, fomentations, &c.
were applied, as required by the circumstances of the case. A good deal
of attention was paid to the disease, in all its stages; and several
experiments were made on the worm, which, however, it is needless to
detail here.
After using a variety of articles, in the treatment of the Guinea-worm,
and making them enter the system by the absorbents, I think that unctuous
substances succeeded the best, particularly mercurial ointment. Passing
an electrical shock through the part had no effect.
ULCERS.
In India, we remarked that ulcers, particularly of the legs, were very
rarely seen; and that many men in the 88th regiment, who in Europe were
always in hospitals with them, were in India quite free from them. In
Egypt, they began to re-appear. In the course of six weeks after the army
came to Alexandria, there appeared seventy on the general return of the
army; and they continued afterwards on the increase.
TETANUS.
Though no case of this disease occurred to us while in Egypt, I met with
a severe one on the voyage thither. As I was successful in this case, and
by a mode of treatment which, with the theory which gave rise to it, is,
I believe, now considered as obsolete, it may not be uninteresting to
mention what led me to give it a trial.
In the year 1794, the first tetanic case I met with, occurred at
Bergen-op-Zoom. A sergeant of the 88th regiment, after remaining drunk
out all night, was in the morning found lying in a ditch. This was in
August, and the weather was unusually warm. When brought to the hospital,
his jaws were so firmly locked, that the blade of a pen-knife could not
be introduced between the teeth. Mercury was had recourse to, but in
a few hours the muscles of the neck became convulsed. By the advice of
a Dutch physician, a man of great eminence, I immersed my patient four
times, in the course of the day, into a bath of broth. He continued in it
half an hour each time, and, after he came out, his whole body was rubbed
with mercurial ointment. I do not recollect that any thing else was given
to him, unless a stimulant enema. Next morning the good effects of the
Dutch practice were evident: a violent salivation came on, and, in about
three weeks, the man was doing his duty.
In the next case which occurred, though a cure was not completely
effected, the same treatment was, for some days, attended with good
effects. In the island of Grenada, a negro, attached to our pioneers,
received a contusion and a slight wound of the head, which was soon
followed by locked jaw. The warm bath, and the liberal use of mercury,
were ordered. He, for some time, appeared to be better, and I flattered
myself with the hopes of another cure; but the disease gaining ground,
the cold bath and the tonic treatment were had recourse to. The patient
died.
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