Medical symbolism in connection with historical studies in the arts of healing and hygieneSozinskey, Thomas S.
History
Medical symbolism in connection with historical studies in the arts of healing and hygiene
Sozinskey, Thomas S.
Symbolism in medicine
It is recorded of Coronis that she was, like too many of the sex, fickle,
and did not prove faithful to her divine paramour; she stealthily
cultivated a criminal intimacy with an Arcadian youth, named Ischys.
The fact of her infidelity becoming known to Apollo, either through a
message of a raven,[109] or his own divine powers, he, naturally enough,
was greatly displeased. And the wrath of the divinity was followed by a
series of remarkable events.
At this point it may be well to state that the parentage of Æsculapius
was a question which early excited attention. A belief existed that “he
was the offspring of Arsinoë” and “a citizen of the Messenians,” as
Pausanias informs us. Apollophanes, an Arcadian,[110] being interested in
the matter, went to Delos, and, putting the question of its truth to the
Pythian deity, received this reply:—
“O Æsculapius! source of mighty joy
To mortal natures; whom Coronis fair,
Daughter of Phlegyas, once with me conjoin’d,
In Epidauria’s barren region bore.”[111]
According to this dictum, he was, indeed, born in Epidaurus. Pausanias,
by way of proof of the truth of it, says: “I find that the most
illustrious rites of Æsculapius were derived from Epidaurus.”[112] From
that point the worship seems to have spread. It is said, however, by
Strabo,[113] that his birthplace was Tricca, in Thessaly.[114]
However, to return to our story: the time of the delivery of Coronis was
not far off, when the news of her perfidy reached Apollo. Notwithstanding
this, he, being seemingly under the influence of the “green-eyed
monster” to an ungodly degree, cruelly resolved on having revenge at
once. Artemis,[115] the goddess of chastity, was directed to slay the
unfaithful maid with a thunderbolt, and the order was duly executed. On
coins of Pergamus the unfortunate Thessalian appears entirely veiled.
After the fatal thunderbolt had descended on the _enceinte_ Coronis, and
her body was being consumed in the merciless pyre, Apollo’s paternal
feelings became stirred, and saying, as Pindar tells us,
“I may not bear to slay my child
With his sad mother, sin-defiled,”[116]
proceeded forthwith to save his unborn offspring.
To what manner of operation did he resort? I leave it to some all-knowing
specialist to find out; but, at any rate, by some method or other, the
child was rescued.[117] Another version of the affair, preserved by
Pausanias, robs the god of any possible skill as a gynæcologist—surgical,
I mean. According to it, when Coronis was undergoing cremation, after
being slain by Artemis, “the boy is said to have been snatched by
Hermes from the flames.”[118] And of this I may observe that it was
not inappropriate to have Hermes, the Grecian metamorphosis of the
thrice-great god of wisdom and knowledge of the Egyptians, present at the
unnatural _accouchement_, and in such close relation to Æsculapius at the
very beginning of his wonderful career.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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