[57] Besides these we have, at Bologna,--Maddalena Buonsignori, Professor of Laws, 1380; Laura Bassi, Professor of Philosophy, 1733; Maria Gaetana Agnesi, Professor of Mathematics, 1750; Clothilde Tambroni, Professor of Greek, 1794; and also other instances in various Italian Universities. [58] Ghirardacci, “Historia Bologna,” Bologna, 1605. [59] _Lancet_, June 18, 1870. [60] _Lancet_, August 26, 1871. [61] See _Note F_. [62] _Scotsman_, March 22, 1870. [63] _Pall Mall Gazette_, August 1870. [64] _Medical Gazette_, New York, February 27, 1869. [65] _British Medical Journal_, October 1871. [66] _British Medical Journal_, May 18, 1872. [67] For a _reductio ad absurdum_ of the whole question, let me refer to Dr Henry Bennet’s letter, containing the above words, in the _Lancet_ of June 18, 1870. An answer to it occurs in the _Lancet_ of July 9, 1870, and is referred to in _Note B_. [68] See _Note G_. [69] _Medical Times and Gazette_, Feb. 23, 1867, and April 24, 1869. [70] It would have been perfectly easy in Edinburgh, during 1871–72, to make complete arrangements for instruction, partly inside and partly outside the walls of the University, if only the authorities would have authorised the lady students to organize the necessary classes for themselves at their own expense. But the obstructive party took refuge behind the traditional non-possumus, and could not be driven from their position, though the Lord Advocate of Scotland gave a distinct opinion to the effect that any needful arrangements might legally be made, and though the more far-sighted Professors strongly deprecated such an abnegation of University power for the purpose of subserving a merely temporary object. In point of fact, the whole history of this struggle is one long illustration of the good old proverb,--“Where there’s a will, there’s a way.” II. Medical Education of Women, THE SUBSTANCE OF A LECTURE DELIVERED ON APRIL 26TH, 1872, IN ST GEORGE’S HALL, LONDON, THE RIGHT HON. THE EARL OF SHAFTESBURY IN THE CHAIR. “You misconceive the question like a man, Who sees a woman as the complement Of his sex merely. You forget too much That every creature, female as the male, Stands single in responsible act and thought, As also in birth and death. . . . . . ----I would rather take my part With God’s Dead, who afford to walk in white, Yet spread His glory, than keep quiet here And gather up my feet from even a step For fear to soil my gown in so much dust. I choose to walk at all risks.” “_Aurora Leigh._” MEDICAL EDUCATION OF WOMEN. “When free thoughts, like lightnings, are alive, And in each bosom of the multitude, Justice and Truth, with Custom’s hydra brood, Wage silent war.”