Medieval rhetoric and poetic to 1400 : $b Interpreted from representative worksBaldwin, Charles Sears
History
Medieval rhetoric and poetic to 1400 : $b Interpreted from representative works
Baldwin, Charles Sears
Literature, Medieval -- History and criticism; Poetics -- History -- To 1500; Rhetoric, Medieval
John’s slighting of rhetoric cannot be explained merely by his
preoccupation with logic. Why was he thus preoccupied in a consistent
and progressive scheme of the whole Trivium? He begins with a _logica_
embracing all studies of words; he devotes a whole book to _grammatica_;
in his last pages he is speaking of an _organon_ that shall be a minister
to _eloquentia_. Yet _rhetorica_ he merely mentions when he must. That he
was aware of its ancient importance in such a scheme as his is evident
from his large use of Quintilian’s _Teaching of Rhetoric_. No other
medieval writer gave this work more attention. The much-quoted chapter
(I. xxiv) on _prælectio_ uses not only Quintilian’s ideas, but his
very words;[38] and other correspondences are no less significant. The
following list, though not complete, is typical.
QUINTILIAN, _INST. ORAT._ _METALOGICUS_
I. iii. 3-5 II. viii. 865 B-C
Illud ingeniorum ... decrescit. Hoc est quod ... decrescit.
I. viii. 13-14 I. xxiv. 853 D-854 A
In prælegendo grammaticus ... In prælegendo grammaticus ...
memoriam agitet. memoriam auditorum.
17-21 855 B-D
Præcipue vero illa ... Id quoque inter prima ...
aliqua nescire. aliqua ignorare [with substitution
of Augustine for Didymus, who is
relegated to 864 C].
The correspondences above, verbatim for considerable stretches, involve
here and there transpositions or other variations. The following are
quotations or adaptations.
I. iv. 5-6 I. xxv. 856 D
Quo minus sunt ferendi ... in libro _De institutione oratoris
quam ostentationis. Ne quis ..._ Ait ergo: “Ne quis
igitur ... scientiam possit. [and the two sentences are
quoted in reverse order].”
II. iii. 3 II. vii. 864 D
Propter quod Timotheum ... Refert Quintilianus [quotation
with slight verbal variation].
II. iv. 5-7 IV. xxviii. 932 B
Nec unquam ... quod exculpi. Teneræ tamen ætati ...
improbitas conquiescat
[correspondence evident in
idea, occasionally in word].
X. i. 83 II. ii. 859 A
Quid Aristotelem?... quid de eo dicat Quintilianus:
clariorem putem. “Quid Aristotelem?... [exact
quotation].”
X. i. 125-131 I. xxii. 852 B
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