[52] 1221-1274. The _Opusculum de reductione artium ad theologiam_ is number 4 (pages 317-325) in volume 5 of the Works edited by the College of St. Bonaventure, Quaracchi (Florence), 1891. [53] (1) Lumen exterius artis mechanicæ illuminat respectu figuræ artificialis; (2) lumen inferius cognitionis sensitivæ illuminat respectu formæ naturalis; (3) lumen interius cognitionis philosophicæ illuminat respectu veritatis intellectualis; (4) lumen superius gratiæ et sacræ Scripturæ illuminat respectu veritatis salutaris. [54] For the classifications of Hugh of St. Victor and John of Salisbury see above, sections B and C. [55] (a) moralis regit motivam; (b) naturalis regit se ipsam; (c) sermocinalis regit interpretativam: (1) grammatica ad exprimendum respicit rationem ut apprehensivam ... congruum; (2) logica ad docendum respicit rationem ut iudicativam ... verum; (3) rhetorica ad movendum respicit rationem ut motivam ... ornatum. [56] That he does not intend _logica_ in the larger sense of Hugh and John will be clear from comparative study of the three forms of his division, and also from _Collationes in hexaëmeron_ (in the same volume), IV. 18-25. This briefly sums up _rhetorica_ according to its ancient topics, including the three fields and the five parts. Here again _dialectica_ is not used, and _logica_ merely supersedes it. [57] 1230-1294. The _Trésor_ is edited, with an introduction, by Chabaille in the Collection des documents inédits sur l’histoire de France, Paris, 1863. References in this section are to the pages of this edition. The Italian version, also widely current, is edited by L. Gaiter, Bologna, 1878. See also F. Maggini, _La rettorica italiana di B. L._ (Pub. del R. Istituto di studi superiori), Florence, 1913. [58] The proem, beginning with theology as the highest lore of _theorica_, makes the usual enumeration under _mathematica_, divides _practica_, “la seconde science de philosophie,” into “éthique . économique . politique,” and so arrives at rhetoric, but with some confusion as to logic. [59] See Chabaille, xv. [60] Villani may be merely repeating this when he says: “Egli fu cominciatore e maestro in digrossare i Fiorentini, e farli scorti in bene parlare et in sapere guidare e reggere la nostra repubblica secondo la politica.” VIII. x. [61] Brunetto’s main source is Cicero _De invent._ [62] La grans partisons de touz parleors ... en prose ... en rime; mais li enseignement de rectorique sont commun andui, sauf ce que la voie de prose est large et pleniere, si comme est ore la commune parleure des gens; mais li sentiers de rime est plus estroiz et plus fors. 481.