Medieval rhetoric and poetic to 1400 : $b Interpreted from representative worksBaldwin, Charles Sears
History
Medieval rhetoric and poetic to 1400 : $b Interpreted from representative works
Baldwin, Charles Sears
Literature, Medieval -- History and criticism; Poetics -- History -- To 1500; Rhetoric, Medieval
But a graver translator has preferred to keep the usual
word-order [and, he might have added, the logical emphasis].
How this sounds in the Greek used by the apostle they may see
whose expertness in that language goes so far. To me at least,
the word-order, which is the same as in our version, does not
seem there either to run rhythmically. Indeed, the stylistic
beauty (_ornatum_) which consists of rhythmical cadences is
defective, we must confess, in our authors. Whether this is
due to our versions, or whether, as I incline to think, the
authors deliberately avoided these occasions for applause, I
do not venture to affirm, since I confess that I do not know.
But this I know, that anyone who shall make their cadences
regular in the same rhythms—and this is done very easily by
shifting certain words that have equal force of meaning in the
new order—will recognize that these inspired men lacked none of
those things which he learned as great matters in the schools
of the grammarians or rhetors. Moreover, he will discover many
sorts of diction of so great beauty as to be beautiful even in
our customary language, much more in theirs, and never found in
the literature with which [the sophists] are inflated. But we
must beware lest the addition of rhythm detract from the weight
of inspired and grave sentences. Most learned Jerome does not
carry over into his translation the musical skill in which
rhythm is learned most fully, though our prophets did not lack
even that, as he shows in the Hebrew meters of some of them;
[and he gave this up] in order to keep truth to their words....
As in my own style, so far as I think I may do so modestly, I
do not neglect rhythmical cadences,[24] so in our authors they
please me the more because I find them there so rarely. xx.
The third, or great style, whether it be elegant or not, has for its
distinguishing quality the force of emotional appeal. The instances are
from _2 Corinthians_ vi and _Romans_ viii. _Romans_ is a long epistle,
not a sermon. Though it was read aloud, of course, it is essentially
a treatise, a philosophy of history. It is largely expository and
argumentative. Since it is addressed primarily to reflection and reason,
its main artistic reliance is on cogency of order. But even here
presentation does not remain purely logical. For persuasion it must rise
also emotionally. As we read in _Acts_ xvii the outline of the apostle’s
Areopagus speech, we discern beyond the logical chain of propositions
an expanding conception of the Life-giver. Who can doubt that the style
too, as in _Romans_, rose to _grande_? The traditional doctrine of
the peroration, easily as it may be abused, is only the expression in
rhetoric of the audience’s final demand and the speaker’s final answer.
That demand and that answer are emotional.
Adding _Galatians_ iv, Augustine says of it:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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