Memoir of Roger Williams, the Founder of the State of Rhode-IslandKnowles, James D. (James Davis)
History
Memoir of Roger Williams, the Founder of the State of Rhode-Island
Knowles, James D. (James Davis)
Rhode Island -- History -- Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775; Williams, Roger, 1604?-1683
The proposition to submit, either to Massachusetts or to Plymouth, did
not meet with a very prompt reception by the aggrieved party at
Pawtuxet. But, in September, 1642, four of them (William Arnold, Robert
Cole, William Carpenter, and Benedict Arnold,) appeared before the
General Court, at Boston, and yielded themselves and their lands, to be
governed and protected by Massachusetts. They were accepted, and
Winthrop acknowledges that Massachusetts was desirous to spread her sway
over the whole of the rising colonies around the Narraganset Bay. The
right of these individuals to submit to the jurisdiction of
Massachusetts must be denied; for the territory had been purchased by
Mr. Williams, and sold to his companions and others, with the evident
design, and the implied, if not express condition, that a new colony be
established, as a refuge from the laws of Massachusetts, as well as from
oppression elsewhere. To invite the extension of these laws over any
portion of the colony, was to defeat the purpose of its settlement, and
was, virtually, a violation of the covenant which the settlers had
subscribed.
But if these individuals had possessed the right to yield allegiance to
Massachusetts, their surrender could not bind their fellow-citizens, and
give to Massachusetts any claim to obedience from Mr. Gorton, or any
other inhabitant of Providence. Yet Massachusetts immediately assumed a
jurisdiction over all the inhabitants of Providence. In October, the
Governor and three of the assistants signed a warrant, requiring them to
submit to Massachusetts[231] and commanding Mr. Gorton and his friends
to come to Boston, to answer to the complaints of Mr. Arnold and his
associates. To this summons a reply was returned, dated November 20, and
signed by Mr. Gorton and eleven other persons, in which they denied the
authority of Massachusetts, and refused to obey.[232] This answer is
said to have been long, mystical, and contemptuous; but the principle,
which it maintained, was, indisputably, sound.
Mr. Gorton, and his eleven friends, thought it prudent to remove from
Providence. They accordingly crossed the Pawtuxet river, the southern
boundary of the territory purchased by Mr. Williams. They obtained from
Miantinomo the cession of a tract of country, called Shawomet,
afterwards named Warwick, for which they paid one hundred and forty-four
fathoms of wampum.[233] Here they fixed their residence; but, if the
object of their removal was to escape the grasp of Massachusetts, they
fared like many others, who have fled from apparent into real danger.
Two Indian sachems, Pomham and Sochonocho, who lived at Shawomet and
Pawtuxet, claimed the territory as their own, and went to Boston, in
June, 1643, where they complained of Mr. Gorton and his friends, as
having taken their lands from them. These sachems then made a surrender
of themselves, and of the lands which they claimed, to Massachusetts,
and promised fidelity, for themselves and their descendants.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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