" Their feuds fire the train 331 " Ludovico il Moro invites Charles into Italy 331 1493. Military circumstances of Italy 332 " The condottiere system gradually abandoned 333 " Condemned by Machiavelli 334 " A new system introduced 335 " Lances, stradiotes, and infantry 335 " The Swiss infantry 337 " The lansquenets and Spaniards 338 " Introduction of fire-arms and artillery 338 CHAPTER XV 1494. Jan. Alfonso II. succeeds to the crown of Naples 341 " Position of the Italian powers at the invasion of Charles VIII. 341 " Alfonso's efforts to conciliate the Pontiff and his children 342 " His son Cesare made Cardinal Valentino 343 " The Pope employs Guidobaldo against the Orsini 344 " His first attack of gout 344 " The marriage of Lucrezia Borgia to Giovanni Sforza of Pesaro 344 " Its scandalous orgies 345 " June. Her visit to Urbino 345 " Double-dealing of Alexander with Alfonso 345 " The calamities of the French invasion 346 " Description of Charles VIII. by Guicciardini 346 " And by Mantegna 347 " And by Ludovico il Moro 347 " The campaign opened by Sir Bernard Stuart of Aubigny 348 " Aug. 20. Charles leaves Vienne and reaches Milan 348 " Alfonso alone prepares to oppose him 348 " Sends the Duke of Calabria into Romagna 348 " He is supported by the Duke of Urbino, but without avail 348 " Nov. 9. Tuscany welcomes Charles, and expels the Medici 349 " This revolution graphically described 350 " Financial expedient proposed at Florence 351 " Dec. 31. Charles enters Rome 351 1495. Jan. 28. Leaves it for Naples 351 " " 23. Alfonso abdicates the crown, and dies soon after 351