The Duke routed at Bologna from the Cardinal of Pavia's treason, whom he assassinates--He is prosecuted, but finally absolved and reconciled to the Pope--He reduces Bologna--Is invested with Pesaro--Death of Julius II. 334 CHAPTER XXXIV Election of Leo X.--His ambitious projects--Birth of Prince Guidobaldo of Urbino--The Pontiff's designs upon that state, which he gives to his nephew--The Duke retires to Mantua 351 CHAPTER XXXV The Duke returns to his state--His struggle with the usurper--His victory at Montebartolo 372 CHAPTER XXXVI Continuation of the ruinous contest--The Duke finally abandons it--Death of Lorenzo de' Medici--Charles V. elected Emperor 391 CHAPTER XXXVII Death of Leo X.--Restoration of Francesco Maria--He enters the Venetian service--Louis XII. invades the Milanese--Death of Bayard--The Duke's honourable reception at Venice--Battle of Pavia 411 CHAPTER XXXVIII New league against Charles V.--The Duke's campaign in Lombardy--His quarrels with Guicciardini--Rome pillaged by the Colonna--The Constable Bourbon advances into Central Italy--The Duke quells an insurrection at Florence 433 APPENDICES I. Portraits of Cesare Borgia 459 II. Duke Guidobaldo I. of Urbino, a Knight of the Garter 462 III. Giovanni Sanzi's MS. Chronicle of Federigo, Duke of Urbino 471 IV. Epitaph of Giovanni della Rovere 480 V. Remission and rehabilitation of Duke Francesco Maria I. in 1512-13 481 VI. Letter from Cardinal Wolsey to Lorenzo de' Medici 484 GENEALOGICAL TABLES _At end of book_ ILLUSTRATIONS Elisabetta di Montefeltro, Duchess of Urbino. After the picture by Andrea Mantegna in the Uffizi Gallery, Florence. (Photo Alinari) _Frontispiece_ FACING PAGE Il Castello di Sinigaglia. (Photo Alinari) 10 Pope Julius II. From the picture by Raphael in the Pitti Gallery, Florence. (Photo Anderson) 40 Portrait of a lady, her hair dressed in the manner of the fifteenth century. From the picture by ? Verrocchio in Poldo-Pezzoli Collection, Milan. (Photo Alinari) 44 A lady of the fifteenth century with jewels of the period. (Photo Alinari) 48 Count Baldassare Castiglione. From a picture in the Torlonia Gallery, Rome 50