Venetian wedding-dress in the sixteenth century. After the picture called "La Flora" by Titian in the Uffizi Gallery, Florence. (Photo Anderson) 316 Detail of the Urbino Venus. Supposed portrait of Duchess Leonora, from the picture by Titian in the Uffizi Gallery, Florence. (Photo Anderson) 320 The girl in the fur-cloak. Possibly a portrait of Duchess Leonora of Urbino. After the picture by Titian in the Imperial Gallery, Vienna. (Photo Franz Hanfstaengl) 324 Duchess of Urbino, either Eleonora or Giulia Varana. After the picture by Titian in the Uffizi Gallery, Florence. Painted _ca._ 1538. (Photo Brogi) 328 Leo X. After the picture by Raphael in the Pitti Gallery, Florence. (Photo Anderson) 352 Lorenzo di Piero de' Medici, Duke of Urbino. After the picture by Bronzino in the Uffizi Gallery, Florence. (Photo Alinari) 366 CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE CHAPTER XIX A.D. PAGE 1502. Dec. Valentino marches against Sinigaglia 3 " " 28. Which surrenders 4 " " 31. Cesare massacres the confederate chiefs 4 1503. Jan. 2. His letter to the authorities at Perugia 6 " Feb. 22. Cardinal Orsini poisoned at Rome 8 " Jan. Machiavelli's indifference to the massacre 8 " " General extinction of moral feeling 10 " " 18. Further murders of the chiefs 11 " " Valentino in the Val di Chiana 11 " " Jealousy of Louis XII. 11 " " State of affairs at Urbino 12 " June. Siege of San Leo 13 " " Relieved by a dexterous stroke 13 " The Pontiff's wholesale poisonings 15 " Aug. 18. To which he fell himself a victim 16 " " The various accounts of this examined 17 " " His character 19 " " Valentino's narrow escape from the same fate 19 " " His policy 20 " " Results of the Pope's death at Rome 21 " Sep. 22. Election of Pius III. 22 CHAPTER XX 1503. Aug. 22. Urbino resumes its allegiance 23 " " Guidobaldo returns from Venice 23 " " 28. And is welcomed enthusiastically 24 " He joins the other princes in a defensive confederacy 24