The English established their Presidency at _Calcutta_, towards the Close of the last Century, in virtue of a Phirmaund (Firmân) from the famous _Aurengzebe_, who much extended the Bounds of the Empire on this Side. His Firmân was confirmed, and the Privileges of the _East India_ Company much augmented by his great Grandson _Mohammed Furruksîr_. It is therefore indubitable, that having these Concessions made to them in the most ample and honourable Manner, and when the _Mogul_ Empire was in its most flourishing Condition, the _English_ Nation had as firm and solid a Right to their Possessions and Immunities as that Constitution could give. They were not therefore certainly to be disturbed or controuled by the Governor of the Province, while they behaved themselves peaceably and properly towards him. The Company and the Servants of the Company had strictly observed the Terms upon which they were bestowed, and were so modest, or rather so cautious, as to keep much within the Bounds of those Concessions, and chose rather to wave some of their Rights than run the Hazard, under so unsettled a Government, of affording any Colour of Complaint. The same Spirit prevailed; the same Care was taken in all the Factories subordinate to this Presidency. When Injuries were done them, they applied to the Suba's for Relief; when the Officers of those Vice-Roys, either with or without their Knowlege, ventured upon Exactions, they proceeded by Remonstrance. If this had its Effect, they thought themselves happy; if not, they bore it with Patience, of which many Instances might be given. They knew very well that Trade was their Business, and that Disputes with the Country Government must be detrimental to their Interests; and therefore studied to avoid them. That this was really the Case, that they had no ambitious Views, that they had not the smallest Intention to perplex or to interfere with the late Suba, appears to Demonstration, from his not attempting to fix any such thing upon them; and still more so, from the Condition in which he found them. The old Suba of the three Provinces of _Bengal_, _Bahar_, and _Orixa_, who had advanced himself, and seized that Dignity in the usual Way, by a fortunate Audacity, sticking at nothing to gratify his Thirst for Power, _Aliverdy Cawn_, died much advanced in Years, _April_ the 9th, 1756, and was succeeded by his adopted Son _Suraja Dowlat_ (_Sur Rajah al Dowlat_) who began his Administration with Acts of Violence, and Breach of Faith to some of his own Family; and by that time he had been a Month in Possession of the high Office he assumed, manifested his Aversion to the _English_.