Produced by The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) Memorandum to the Government of the United States on the Recognition of the Ukrainian People's Republic. 1920 PUBLISHED BY FRIENDS OF UKRAINE 345 MUNSEY BUILDING WASHINGTON, D.C. [Illustration: Map of Ukraine] UKRAINIAN MISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. May 12, 1920. The Honorable, The Secretary of State, Department of State, Washington. Sir: In view of the present status in eastern Europe, and in deference to the unsettled affairs of the territory of the former Russian empire, which are now pressing for a definite solution, I, as the representative of the Government of the Ukrainian People's Republic, conceive it to be my duty to submit for your consideration this memorandum setting forth the just claims of the Ukrainian people to political and economic independence. As a consequence of the facts herein explained, I respectfully ask the Government of the United States of America to extend recognition to the Ukrainian People's Republic as a free state. The national aspirations of Ukraine embrace political liberation for all Ukrainians, consolidation of all free Ukrainians into one state, the erection of a constitutional democratic republic, and economic co-operation with neighboring and other states. Ukraine's claim to independence is based upon the following principal grounds: (1) The existence of the Ukrainians as a well-defined, separate, group-conscious race, with a continuous historic and cultural tradition; (2) Their occupation, over a period of centuries, of the lands where they now dwell; (3) Their age-long efforts, increasingly of popular origin, to achieve and maintain political independence; (4) The obvious interest and desire of the entire Ukrainian population to organize and sustain its economic life free of exploitation by neighbors and foreign powers; and (5) The crying need for a new order in eastern Europe, and the permanent elimination of the historic struggle between Poland and Russia to control the natural resources of Ukraine. By all the canons of ethnology and history, the Ukrainians form a distinct racial unit. In America there has been a popular impression that Ukraine is merely a province of Russia, identified with it linguistically and racially. This is a misapprehension. The leading anthropologists, even among the Russians, agree that the Ukrainians constitute a physical type clearly different from the Great Russians, the White Ruthenians or the Poles. In culture and temperament they display peculiarities which permeate their whole social and moral nature. Their language is a separate Slavic tongue, and not merely a dialect of the Great Russian.