Industrial arts -- Biography; Inventors -- Biography
The steamers were completed in the course of the following year,
doubtless to the satisfaction of the owners, for their delivery was
immediately followed by an order for two larger vessels. As I required
frequently to go from home, and as the works must be carefully attended
to during my absence, on the 1st of January, 1862, I took Mr. Wolff in
as a partner; and the firm has since continued under the name of
Harland and Wolff. I may here add that I have throughout received the
most able advice and assistance from my excellent friend and partner,
and that we have together been enabled to found an entirely new branch
of industry in Belfast.
It is necessary for me here to refer back a little to a screw steamer
which was built on the Clyde for Bibby and Co. by Mr. John Read, and
engined by J. and G. Thomson while I was with them. That steamer was
called the Tiber. She was looked upon as of an extreme length, being
235 feet, in proportion to her beam, which was 29 feet. Serious
misgivings were thrown out as to whether she would ever stand a heavy
sea. Vessels of such proportions were thought to be crank, and even
dangerous. Nevertheless, she seemed to my mind a great success. From
that time, I began to think and work out the advantages and
disadvantages of such a vessel, from an owner's as well as from a
builder's point of view. The result was greatly in favour of the
owner, though entailing difficulties in construction as regards the
builder. These difficulties, however. I thought might easily be
overcome.
In the first steamers ordered of me by the Messrs. Bibby, I thought it
more prudent to simply build to the dimensions furnished, although they
were even longer than usual. But, prior to the precise dimensions
being fixed for the second order, I with confidence proposed my theory
of the greater carrying power and accommodation, both for cargo and
passengers, that would be gained by constructing the new vessels of
increased length, without any increase of beam. I conceived that they
would show improved qualities in a sea-way, and that, notwithstanding
the increased accommodation, the same speed with the same power would
be obtained, by only a slight increase in the first cost. The result
was, that I was allowed to settle the dimensions; and the following
were then decided on: Length, 310 feet; beam, 34 feet; depth of hold,
24 feet 9 inches; all of which were fully compensated for by making the
upper deck entirely of iron. In this way, the hull of the ship was
converted into a box girder of immensely increased strength, and was, I
believe, the first ocean steamer ever so constructed. The rig too was
unique. The four masts were made in one continuous length, with
fore-and-aft sails, but no yards,--thereby reducing the number of hands
necessary to work them. And the steam winches were so arranged as to
be serviceable for all the heavy hauls, as well as for the rapid
handling of the cargo.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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