| | | | | | | | | | | | 18. BÂTON DE | | | | | | | | | | | COMMANDEMENT CEREMONIAL STAFF|..|..|..|..| =| +|++|..|.. | | 19. BAGUETTE WAND |..|..|..|..|..|..| =|..|.. | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ * = twice mentioned (in different classifications). + or ++ denotes an unusual or culminating development. Whether the Neanderthals were exterminated entirely or whether they were driven out of the country is not known; the encounter was certainly between a very superior people, both physically and mentally, who possibly had the use of the bow and arrow, and a very inferior and somewhat degenerate people that had been already reduced physically and perhaps numerically by the severe climatic conditions of the fourth glaciation. The Neanderthals were dispossessed of all their dwelling-places and industrial stations by this new and vigorous race, for at no less than eighteen points the Aurignacian immediately succeeds upon the Mousterian industry and in a few instances Crô-Magnon burials occur very near the Neanderthal burial sites. In the racial replacements of savage as well as of historic peoples the men are often killed and the women spared and taken into families of the warriors, but no evidence has thus far been found that even the Neanderthal women were spared or allowed to remain in the country, because in none of the burials of Aurignacian times is there any evidence of the crossing or admixture of the Crô-Magnons and the Neanderthals. [Illustration: PL. VI. The head of the Crô-Magnon type of _Homo sapiens_, a race inhabiting southwestern Europe from Aurignacian to Magdalenian times. Antiquity in western Europe estimated as at least 25,000 years. After the restoration modelled by J. H. McGregor. For the bodily proportions of this finely developed race compare Pl. VII.]