Menasseh ben Israel's Mission to Oliver Cromwell: Being a reprint of the pamphlets published by Menasseh ben Israel to promote the re-admission of the Jews to England, 1649-1656 — John Shaqi
Menasseh ben Israel's Mission to Oliver Cromwell: Being a reprint of the pamphlets published by Menasseh ben Israel to promote the re-admission of the Jews to England, 1649-1656Manasseh ben Israel
History
Menasseh ben Israel's Mission to Oliver Cromwell: Being a reprint of the pamphlets published by Menasseh ben Israel to promote the re-admission of the Jews to England, 1649-1656
Manasseh ben Israel
Jews -- Great Britain
So much is evident from the fact that the Committee met the same
afternoon and reported the next morning. Its task was not an easy one.
The feeling of the Council was by no means hostile to the Jews, but it
had no enthusiasm for their cause, and it probably felt that an
extension of official toleration beyond the limits of Christianity was a
hazardous experiment. On the other hand, it was no longer possible for
it to express this feeling in the same unceremonious fashion as had been
done in the case of Dormido. The Jewish question had become the question
of the day owing to Menasseh’s visit. Public feeling had been deeply
stirred by it, and Cromwell had placed it in the forefront of his
personal solicitude. Some action was necessary. The Committee seems to
have discreetly resolved that the wisest course to pursue was one which
would absolve it of responsibility, and leave Cromwell and the outside
public to fight it out between them. Accordingly it reported that it
felt itself incompetent to offer any advice to the Council, and it
suggested that the views of the nation should be ascertained by the
summoning of a Conference of representative Englishmen who might assist
it in framing a report.
This resolution was duly reported to the Council on the following day,
when Cromwell was again present. How little the Protector estimated the
difficulties in his path is shown by the fact that the Committee’s
recommendation was at once acted upon. John Lisle, Sir Charles Wolseley,
and Sir Gilbert Pickering, three members of the Committee notoriously
devoted to Cromwell, were instructed to meet the Lord President the same
afternoon, and draw up a list of the personages to be summoned to the
proposed Conference.[96] The list was duly presented to the Council on
the following morning, and, under the vigilant eye of the Protector,
approved. At the same time the terms of a circular convening the
Conference were agreed upon, and the 4th December was fixed for the
meeting.[97]
Nothing is more significant than the rapidity with which these steps
were taken. On Tuesday the 13th November Menasseh’s petition was sprung
on the reluctant Council. On the following Thursday summonses to a
National Conference were being sent out from Whitehall, the Council
having meanwhile held three meetings, at all of which the Jewish
question was discussed, and a Committee specially charged with the
question having held two further meetings. In all this we may clearly
trace the personal insistence of the Protector.
Bruited abroad through the congregations of the divines and the
constituents of the politicians and merchants to whom the summonses to
the Conference had been addressed, the question of the Readmission of
the Jews now came to the forefront of national politics. Amid
considerable popular excitement, the Conference met in the Council
Chamber at Whitehall[98] on the first Tuesday in December.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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