Mendel's principles of heredity: A defenceMendel, Gregor
Science
Mendel's principles of heredity: A defence
Mendel, Gregor
Heredity; Hybridization; Mendel's law; Weldon, Walter Frank Raphael. Mendel's laws of alternative inheritance in peas
1. _Stocks_ (_Matthiola_). Professor Weldon quotes Correns’ observation
that glabrous Stocks crossed with hoary gave offspring all hoary, while
Trevor Clarke thus obtained some hoary and some glabrous. As there are
some twenty different sorts of Stocks[128] it is not surprising that
different observers should have chanced on different materials and
obtained different results. Miss Saunders has investigated laws of
heredity in Stocks on a large scale and an account of her results is
included in our forthcoming Report. Here it must suffice to say that
the cross hoary ♀ × glabrous ♂ always gave offspring all hoary except
once: that the cross glabrous ♀ × hoary ♂ of several types gave all
hoary; _but_ the same cross using other hoary types did frequently
give a mixture, some of the offspring being hoary, others glabrous.
Professor Weldon might immediately decide that here was the hoped for
phenomenon of “reversed” dominance, due to ancestry, but here again
that hypothesis is excluded. For the glabrous (recessive) cross-breds
were _pure_, and produced on self-fertilisation glabrous plants only,
being in fact, almost beyond question, “false hybrids” (see p. 34),
a specific phenomenon which has nothing to do with the question of
dominance.
[128] The number in Haage and Schmidt’s list exceeds 200, counting
colour-varieties.
Professor Weldon next suggests that there is discrepancy between the
observations as to flower-colour. He tells us that Correns found
_violet_ Stocks crossed with “_yellowish white_” gave violet or shades
of violet flaked together. According to Professor Weldon
“On the other hand Nobbe crossed a number of varieties of _M. annua_
in which the flowers were white, violet, carmine-coloured, crimson
or dark blue. These were crossed in various ways, and before a cross
was made the colour of each parent was matched by a mixture of dry
powdered colours which was preserved. In every case the hybrid flower
was of an intermediate colour, which could be matched by mixing the
powders which recorded the parental colours. The proportions in which
the powders were mixed are not given in each [any] case, but it is
clear that the colours blended[129].”
[129] The original passage is in _Landwirths. Versuchstationen_,
1888, XXXV. [_not_ XXXIV.], p. 151.
On comparing Professor Weldon’s version with the originals we find
the missing explanations. Having served some apprenticeship to the
breeding of Stocks, we, here, are perhaps in a better position to take
the points, but it is to me perfectly inexplicable how in such a simple
matter as this he can have gone wrong.
Note then
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