Mendel's principles of heredity: A defenceMendel, Gregor
Science
Mendel's principles of heredity: A defence
Mendel, Gregor
Heredity; Hybridization; Mendel's law; Weldon, Walter Frank Raphael. Mendel's laws of alternative inheritance in peas
(1) That Nobbe does _not_ specify _which_ colours he crossed together,
beyond the fact that _white_ was crossed with each fertile form.
The _crimson_ form (_Karmoisinfarbe_), being double to the point of
sterility, was not used. There remain then, white, carmine, and two
purples (violet, “dark blue”). When _white_ was crossed with either of
these, Nobbe says the colour becomes _paler_, whichever sort gave the
pollen. Nobbe does not state that he crossed _carmine_ with the purples.
(2) Professor Weldon gives no qualification in his version. Nobbe
however states that he found it very difficult to distinguish the
result of crossing _carmine with white_ from that obtained by crossing
_dark blue or violet with white_[130], thereby nullifying Professor
Weldon’s statement that in every case the cross was a simple mixture
of the parental colours--a proposition sufficiently disproved by Miss
Saunders’ elaborate experiments.
[130] “_Es ist sogar sehr schwierig, einen Unterschied in der Farbe
der Kreuzungsprodukte von Karmin und Weiss gegenüber Dunkelblau oder
Violett und Weiss zu erkennen._”
(3) Lately the champion of the “importance of small variations,”
Professor Weldon now prefers to treat the distinctions between
established varieties as negligible fluctuations instead of specific
phenomena[131]. Therefore when Correns using “_yellowish white_”
obtained one result and Nobbe using “_white_” obtained another,
Professor Weldon hurries to the conclusion that the results are
comparable and therefore contradictory. Correns however though calling
his flowers _gelblich-weiss_ is careful to state that they are
described by Haage and Schmidt (the seed-men) as “_schwefel-gelb_” or
sulphur-yellow. The topics Professor Weldon treats are so numerous that
we cannot fairly expect him to be personally acquainted with all; still
had he _looked_ at Stocks before writing, or even at the literature
relating to them, he would have easily seen that these yellow Stocks
are a thoroughly distinct form[132]; and in accordance with this fact
it would be surprising if they had not a distinctive behaviour in their
crosses. To use our own terminology their colour character depends
almost certainly on a _compound_ allelomorph. Consequently there is no
evidence of contradiction in the results, and appeal to ancestry is as
unnecessary as futile.
[131] See also the case of _Buchsbaum_, p. 146, which received
similar treatment.
[132] One of the peculiarities of most _double_ “sulphur” races is
that the singles they throw are _white_. See Vilmorin, _Fleurs de
pleine Terre_, 1866, p. 354, _note_. In _Wien. Ill. Gartenztg._ 1891,
p. 74, mention is made of a new race with singles also “sulphur,”
cp. _Gartenztg._ 1884, p. 46. Messrs Haage and Schmidt have kindly
written to me that this new race has the alleged property, but that
six other yellow races (two distinct colours) throw their singles
white.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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