[36] [This statement of Mendel’s in the light of present knowledge is open to some misconception. Though his work makes it evident that such varieties may exist, it is very unlikely that Mendel could have had seven pairs of varieties such that the members of each pair differed from each other in _only_ one considerable character (_wesentliches Merkmal_). The point is probably of little theoretical or practical consequence, but a rather heavy stress is thrown on “_wesentlich_.”] Two experiments were made with a larger number of plants. In the first experiment the parental plants differed in the form of the seed and in the colour of the albumen; in the second in the form of the seed, in the colour of the albumen, and in the colour of the seed-coats. Experiments with seed characters give the result in the simplest and most certain way. In order to facilitate study of the data in these experiments, the different characters of the seed plant will be indicated by _A_, _B_, _C_, those of the pollen plant by _a_, _b_, _c_, and the hybrid forms of the characters by _Aa_, _Bb_, and _Cc_. Expt. 1.--_AB_, seed parents; _ab_, pollen parents; _A_, form round; _a_, form angular; _B_, albumen yellow. _b_, albumen green. The fertilised seeds appeared round and yellow like those of the seed parents. The plants raised therefrom yielded seeds of four sorts, which frequently presented themselves in one pod. In all 556 seeds were yielded by 15 plants, and of these there were:-- 315 round and yellow, 101 angular and yellow, 108 round and green, 32 angular and green. All were sown the following year. Eleven of the round yellow seeds did not yield plants, and three plants did not form seeds. Among the rest: 38 had round yellow seeds _AB_ 65 round yellow and green seeds _ABb_ 60 round yellow and angular yellow seeds _AaB_ 138 round yellow and green, angular yellow and green seeds _AaBb_. From the angular yellow seeds 96 resulting plants bore seed, of which: 28 had only angular yellow seeds _aB_ 68 angular yellow and green seeds _aBb_. From 108 round green seeds 102 resulting plants fruited, of which: 35 had only round green seeds _Ab_ 67 round and angular green seeds _Aab_. The angular green seeds yielded 30 plants which bore seeds all of like character; they remained constant _ab_. The offspring of the hybrids appeared therefore under nine different forms, some of them in very unequal numbers. When these are collected and co-ordinated we find: 38 plants with the sign _AB_ 35 " " " _Ab_ 28 " " " _aB_ 30 " " " _ab_ 65 " " " _ABb_ 68 " " " _aBb_ 60 " " " _AaB_ 67 " " " _Aab_ 138 " " " _AaBb_.