This shows some very interesting results. It will be noted that the Hebrews and Italians have the highest rate for dementia praecox, the percentage shown by these races being much higher than any of the others. The Germans, Italians and Hebrews, in the order mentioned, have the highest rates for manic-depressive psychoses. The frequency of alcoholic psychoses as shown by the Irish is nearly double that of any of the others. The Slavonic race has the highest rate for general paresis, followed in close succession by the French and Germans. The highest rate for senile and arteriosclerotic psychoses combined is shown by the races of mixed origin, the next highest by the English, closely followed by the Irish. The most common psychosis in every instance is dementia praecox. In the admissions to the institutions for the criminal insane in New York the highest percentages are represented by the Irish, Italian and Hebrew races, as shown in another chapter. During a period of six years (1912 to 1918) a study of first admissions to the New York state hospitals shows an incidence of dementia praecox in the native-born of 75.2 per hundred thousand of the population and in the foreign born of 161.4. The importance of this is shown by the fact that over fifty per cent of the entire hospital population is made up of cases of dementia praecox. The necessity of some supervision of immigration for the purpose of preventing the entrance of undesirable aliens has long been recognized. As early as 1824 the state of New York tried by legislation to prevent the admission of the insane and mental defectives. This effort was a failure, probably owing to the fact that the proposed enactments would have compelled the companies responsible for the entrance of undesirable aliens to remove them if they became a public charge. The introduction of discordant racial elements from abroad at one time disturbed the equilibrium of the entire country. The agitation for the restriction of immigration before the civil war led to the formation of a political organization known as the "Native American" or "Know Nothing" party, as it was usually called. It at one time had forty representatives in Congress and nominated a candidate for President in 1856. These disturbed conditions led to the consideration of this subject by Congress as early as 1838 and the Judiciary Committee recommended legislation prohibiting the entrance of idiots, lunatics and those suffering from incurable diseases or convicted of crime. The action of several foreign countries in pardoning murderers with the provision that they should emigrate to the United States led to a resolution of protest by Congress in 1860 and shortly thereafter a statute intended to encourage immigration was repealed. An investigation made by the United States Immigration Commission brought to light the fact that the great influx of foreigners was largely caused by the agents of the steamboat companies abroad and that they