Mental diseases: a public health problemMay, James Vance
Science
Mental diseases: a public health problem
May, James Vance
Mental health services; Psychology, Pathological
An analysis of the 170,000 cases discharged for disability in England
showed that twenty per cent were due to war neuroses. In his second
Lettsomian lecture Mott[96] called attention to the interesting
similarity between shell shock following concussion and burial, and
the symptoms resulting from an acute carbon monoxide poisoning. This
was, of course, a very possible complication in trench warfare.
The headache, ringing in the ears, blurred and indistinct vision,
hallucinations of sight, or actual blindness, giddiness, yawning,
weariness, vomiting, cold sensations, palpitation, sense of oppression
on the chest, etc., so common in gas poisoning are often followed,
when consciousness is regained, by confusion and loss of memory, with
retrograde amnesia. Tremors and loss of speech are also frequently
noted. Mott reached the conclusion that shell shock, in some cases
at least, was due to gas poisoning. In his third Lettsomian lecture
he discusses the symptomatology of shell shock. In some instances
there was a partial loss of consciousness, characterized by dazed
states somewhat similar to those of epilepsy. Under speech defects he
includes mutism, aphonia, stammering, stuttering and verbal repetition.
Headache in the occipital region was found to be a very common symptom.
Vasomotor conditions were palpitation, breathlessness, pericardial
pain, rapid weak pulse, low blood pressure, cold extremities, low
temperature, etc. Anesthesia and hyperesthesia or loss of pain
sense also occurred, and deafness was often observed. Smoky vision,
photophobia and functional blindness were frequent eye symptoms.
Tremors, tics, choreiform movements, functional paralysis and gait
disturbances are also mentioned by Mott. In the Chadwick lecture he
later called attention to the presence of insomnia and terrifying
dreams in practically all cases of true shell shock.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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