Mental diseases: a public health problemMay, James Vance
Science
Mental diseases: a public health problem
May, James Vance
Mental health services; Psychology, Pathological
attribute their headache and tremors to overexertion, etc. They always
deny using much alcohol and are absolutely untruthful on this subject.
Overwork necessitates drinking, or it only happens after a death in the
family, etc. Will power deteriorates rapidly. These individuals often
commit crimes and come into conflict with the law. Gastritis, cirrhosis
of the liver and numerous other diseases complicate the situation.
Dizzy spells and headaches are common, as well as tremors of the
tongue and fingers. Neurotic involvements are noted, with anesthesias,
hyperesthesias, paresthesias, and muscular atrophies as well as speech
defects. Epileptiform attacks are not infrequent in chronic alcoholism,
and were found in ten per cent of Kraepelin's cases. His investigations
showed that eleven per cent of the beer drinkers in Munich had
convulsions. Combinations of epilepsy and hysterical manifestations
with chronic alcoholism are not at all unusual. Rybakoff found a
hereditary taint in 66.6 per cent of his cases while Moli reported only
forty-seven per cent. Heredity was found to be a factor in thirty-seven
per cent of Kraepelin's Heidelberg cases and in seventeen per cent
of those at Munich. He describes various pathological findings in
chronic alcoholism. Meningitis with hemorrhagic membranes is common.
The convolutions are atrophied and the ependyma of the ventricles
thickened. Pigmentary deposits similar to those of senility are found
in the cells and vessel walls. There is an increase of both neuroglia
cells and fibres. Hemorrhages are occasionally found in the central
gray matter.
When the suspicions of the chronic alcoholic lead to well defined
delusions Kraepelin speaks of "alcoholic jealousy" as constituting a
distinct psychosis. The patient sees in almost everything evidences of
infidelity on the part of his wife and is often inclined to question
the legitimacy of his own children. Assaults and violence are frequent
occurrences. Occasionally genuine hallucinations accompany this
condition. Suicidal and homicidal attempts are not uncommon.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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