And perhaps it is as well that nothing can be proved against the personal morality of one of the greatest women in history. One imagines that her wraith would laugh ironically at all our vain efforts, as her young girlhood evidently laughed at poor Mary as she scratched the words _Elizabeth prisoner_.(5) I take from the _British Medical Journal_ of 1910 the description of her actual death, because it is in accordance with my own experience of the deaths of fierce and obstinate old ladies. Lady Southwell, one of her maids of honour, said: “She kept her bed for fifteen dayes besides the three dayes that she sat upon her stool without speaking; until one day, being pulled upon her feet by force, she stood upon her feet for fifteen hours. Her Majestie understood that Mr. Secretarie Cecil had given forth that she was mad; and therefore in her sickness she said ‘Cecill, know thou that I am not mad; you must not try to make Queen Jane of me.’” Queen Jane was “Crazy Jane,” mother of Charles V, and this recollection of the days of her youth, when Charles V was the greatest man in the world, is very characteristic of an old person. “And,” continues Lady Southwell, “though by Cecil’s means many stories were spread about that she was mad, myself, nor anie that were about me, could never see that her speeches, so well adapted, proved her distracted mind.” Then they lifted her into bed; she fell asleep; and the last of the great personal monarchs of England died in coma. There was no sectarian nonsense about her waking from a stupor to press anybody’s hand, when all she wanted was to get on with her dying. But though Elizabeth was so great and had such an astonishing effect on English history(8) it would be a mistake to turn her into the heroine of a sentimental novel. (1) A. F. Pollard, _Political History of England_. (2) F. Chamberlin, _Private Character of Queen Elizabeth_. (3) F. Chamberlin, _The Sayings of Queen Elizabeth_. (4) Ben Jonson, _Conversations with Drummond of Hawthornden_. (5) F. A. Mumby, _Girlhood of Queen Elizabeth_. (6) M. S. Hume, _Courtships of Queen Elizabeth_. (7) Mabel Christie, _Henry VI_. (8) Rachel Taylor, _Aspects of the Italian Renaissance_. (9) _The Australasian Journal of Philosophy_, June, 1924. (10) Facts from the _British Medical Journal_, 1910; guess my own. (11) Julian Huxley, _Essays of a Biologist_. (12) Gwen John, _The Prince_. Ivan the Terrible The life of this criminal lunatic has been described so often, with so much journalistic horror, that I hesitate to offer the plain matter-of-fact comments of a doctor upon it.