Mexican archæology : $b an introduction to the archæology of the Mexican and Mayan civilizations of pre-Spanish AmericaJoyce, Thomas Athol
History
Mexican archæology : $b an introduction to the archæology of the Mexican and Mayan civilizations of pre-Spanish America
Joyce, Thomas Athol
Mayas -- Antiquities; Mexico -- Antiquities
To turn now to the Totonac region; the island of Sacrificios off Vera
Cruz has produced a store of pottery which is in no respect inferior to
that of Cholula with the exception that fewer colours are employed in
ornament and the surface is not highly burnished. The paste is either
pale red, grey or cream, admirably mixed and fired, and the shapes
exhibit considerable variety (Fig. 36, 5–9, and Pls. XVIII and XIX).
Especially characteristic are footed beakers and vases, tripod bowls
with cylindrical or cascabel feet containing rattles, standing-bowls,
bowls with slightly flattened bases, and plates. Handles are not
common, but a type of vase with single long projecting handle seems
confined to this area. Ornament is most commonly applied in the form of
slip, white, cream, red (more than one shade), yellow, brown and black.
In the most characteristic specimens the designs, monsters or formal
patterns, are painted in thick white slip, and usually outlined with
red or brown, or, especially in the case of plates, in deep orange on
a brown background or _vice versa_. Engraved ornament is far more
common in Totonac pottery than Cholulan; sometimes the engraving merely
follows the outline of a painted design, sometimes it constitutes the
sole ornament. In more elaborate specimens the entire background
is cut away, or an intaglio design produced which is filled with a
coloured slip. Fragments of the “champ-levé” ware, with its blue-green
filling, have also been found. Moulded ornament again is very common,
ranging from the mere gadrooning of a vase-body (Fig. 36, 5) to animal
heads in relief, with the other details painted in slip on the sides
of the vase (Pl. XIX). The vases with a bird’s (or beast’s) head in
relief, and the details of the body incised, as figured on Pl. XVIII,
2, are very characteristic, and are, further, of particular interest
since they, as well as vases in other forms, are often found to be
coated with a leaden-coloured glaze hard enough to resist the point
of a knife. This is of course an accidental earth-glaze, produced in
firing by the action of the smoke or heat on the surface of the slip.
Vases, identical in form and with the same accidental glaze, have
been found at Atlixco, and also in the neighbourhood of Coban in the
Alta Vera Paz district of Guatemala. It seems probable that they have
reached these localities as articles of trade. Many vase-feet also are
moulded in the form of animal heads (Pl. XIX).
[Illustration:
_PLATE XVI_
_British Museum_
MEXICO
1. STONE SACRIFICIAL KNIFE; WOODEN HANDLE ENCRUSTED WITH
MOSAIC
TOTONAC
2–10. POTTERY FROM THE ISLAND OF SACRIFICIOS, VERA
CRUZ
(Scale: 1, ¼th; 2–10, ⅙th)]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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