Out of all these troubles they have bravely emerged, and now take their stand, heavily weighted still, indeed, with the burdens of past mistakes, among them the lingering distrust of other nations, but young, full of promise, with all the elements surrounding them of a possible great future. This future must depend for the most part on their own exertions. The children of to-day must be reared in such enlightened fashion that they may avoid the mistakes and crimes of the generation before them; they must learn to long for honorable peace, and must resist the pull there is to their blood for change and military renown. They must seek glory in the permanence of their institutions and the development of their great resources, thus slowly winning the confidence of other nations. Then they will find these other nations, and especially the powerful one next them on their own continent, ready to perform the neighborly part of protecting their interests, sympathizing in their prosperity, generously willing to share with them the growing fame of the civilization of America. INDEX. A Aak, 78 Academy of Fine Arts, 226 Acamapichtli, 90 Acapulco, 225 Acatl, 76 Acolhuacan, 93 Aculco, 246 Aculhuas, 42 Agave, 34 Aguilar, Jérome de, 138 Agustin I., _see_ Yturbide _Ahuehuete_, 22, 56 Ahuitzotl, 105 Aldama, 248 Allende, Ignacio, joins Hidalgo, 241; denounced, 244; attacked by Calleja, 246; forced to retreat, 247; captured and shot, 248 Alta California, 190; _see_ also California Alvarado, 137, 160, 163, 173, 194 Amaquemecan, 38, 42 Amecameca, 99, 208 Ampudia, General, 318, 319, 322 Anahuac, 6, 8, 12, 17, 33 Anaya, General, 334 Angostura, 323 Apan, 36 Apodaca, Viceroy, 259, 262 Arista, General, 311, 342 Atlantis, 21 Atzacualco, 83 Atzcapotzalco, 42, 43, 51 _Audiencia_, 184 Austin, Moses, 304 Axayacatl, 101, 158 Ayaxzitl, 41 Ayotzinco, 156 _Ayuntamiento_, 184 _Azoteas_, 127 Aztecs, 43; emigration of, 83; wanderings of, 84; settlement at Chapultepec, 86; driven to the islands, 87; found Tenochtitlan, 88; their civilization, 89; extent of the kingdom, 106; religion of, 107; hieroglyphics, 111; paintings, 112; religion, 114; domestic life, 115; laws, 115; calendar, 116; cycle, 118; agriculture, 119; character, 120; priestesses, 121; policy of the nation, 123 Aztlan, 22 B Bajan, Las Norias de, 248 Balam, 78 Barradas, 277 Basch, Dr., 375 "Baths of Montezuma,", 57 Baudelier, quoted, 30, 38, 170 Bazaine, Marshal, 356, 360, 367, 371, 373 Bocanegro, 277 Bonaparte, Joseph, 235 Bonpland, 224 Boot, Adrian, 218 Branciforte, Marquis of, 234, 235 Bravo, General Don Nicholas, 262, 268, 274, 307, 321 Buena Vista, 323 Bustamente, 262, 277, 278, 285, 287, 288 C Cacamatzin, 130, 154, 156 Calderon, battle of, 247 Calderon, Conde de, _see_ Calleja Calderon, Madame, 290; quoted, 227, 273, 282, 284, 293 Calderon, Señor, 290 California, 313, 316, 338