Died in the said department, 12,871 ------ Increase of population, 9,070 4th. In the department of Oajaca in 1834, it was calculated that there were 457,033 inhabitants. In December, 1838, 500,278 " ------- Increase in four years, 43,245 RESULTS. Maximum of annual increase of population in Oajaca, 15,000 Minimum " " " " 6,000 Maximum " " " Zacatecas 12,000 Minimum " " " " 500 Of not less importance are the investigations upon the excess observed in one sex over the other. Before the appearance of Humboldt's work it was the opinion that in the New World nature did not follow the same law of equilibrium in the difference between the sexes as in Europe, and especially that in the tropical regions, the number of females exceeded greatly that of the males. Baron Humboldt combated this notion and demonstrated its error. He presents in his political essay upon New Spain a table of the population of eight Intendencies, in which it appears that out of 1,352,835 inhabitants there were 687,935 males and 664,900 females, which establishes a relative proportion of 100 to 95. In the _Tablas Geografico politicas_, already cited, it is expressly said that in New Spain, in the Intendencies of the _tierras frias_, or cold regions, as well as in those of the _tierras calientes_, or hot regions, the population inclines to a preponderance of males. Don Fernando Navarro y Noriega gives in his tables of population 71,642 more males than females; and, in the account of the taxes made by order of the government in 1781, it appears that the excess is still in favor of males, though in a much less proportion than assigned by Baron Humboldt. We present the following table, prepared in Mexico for the purpose of throwing more light on the subject: TABLE OF POPULATION IN VARIOUS DEPARTMENTS IN DIFFERENT YEARS--RELATIVE EXCESES--BIRTHS AND DEATHS. Years. Departments, States, or Cantons Males. Females. Excess Excess of States. males. females. 1829 New Mexico 21,799 21,640 159 1819 Alta California 10,979 9,107 1,872 1830 Do. do. 12,473 10,011 2,462 1832 Nuevo Leon 49,571 48,601 970 1829 San Luis Potosi.--See following table. 1832 Oajaca 237,127 247,887 10,760 1823 Michoacan 178,052 187,028 8,976