If you take _anode_ and _cathode_, I would propose for the two
elements resulting from _electrolysis_ the terms _anion_ and
_cation_, which are neuter participles signifying _that which
goes up_, and _that which goes down_; and for the two together
you might use the term _ions_.... The word is not a substantive
in Greek, but it may easily be so taken, and I am persuaded
that the brevity and simplicity of the terms you will thus have
will in a fortnight procure their universal acceptation. The
_anion_ is that which goes to the _anode_, the _cation_ is that
which goes to the _cathode_. The _th_ in the latter word arises
from the aspirate in _hodos_ (way), and therefore is not to be
introduced in cases where the second term has not an aspirate,
as _ion_ has not.
[Illustration: FIG. 12.]
On May 15th Faraday replied as follows:--
[_Faraday to Whewell._]
I have taken your advice and the names, and use _anode_,
_cathode_, _anions_, _cations_ and _ions_; the last I shall
have but little occasion for. I had some hot objections made to
them here, and found myself very much in the condition of the
man with his Son and Ass, who tried to please everybody; but
when I held up the shield of your authority it was wonderful
to observe how the tone of objection melted away. I am quite
delighted with the facility of expression which the new terms
give me, and shall ever be your debtor for the kind assistance
you have given me.
As though to prepare the way for a still further cutting of himself
adrift from the slavery of using terms that might be found misleading,
he added the following note:--
It will be well understood that I am giving no opinion
respecting the nature of the electric current now, beyond what
I have done on former occasions; and that though I speak of
the current as proceeding from the parts which are positive to
those which are negative, it is merely in accordance with the
conventional, though in some degree tacit, agreement entered
into by scientific men, that they may have a constant, certain,
and definite means of referring to the direction of the forces
of that current.
The “former occasions” is a reference to an earlier suggestion that
a _current_ might mean anything progressive, whether a flow in one
direction or two fluids moving in opposite directions, or merely
vibrations, or, still more generally, progressive forces. He had
expressly said that what we call the electric current “may perhaps best
be conceived of as _an axis of power having contrary forces, exactly
equal in amount, in contrary directions_.”
[Sidenote: ELECTRO-CHEMICAL LAWS.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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