Migration of Birds (1979)Lincoln, Frederick Charles
Science
Migration of Birds (1979)
Lincoln, Frederick Charles
Birds; Birds -- Migration
Night travel is probably best for the majority of birds chiefly from
the standpoint of feeding. Digestion is very rapid in birds and yet
the stomach of one killed during the day almost always contains food.
To replace the energy required for long flight, it is essential that
either food be obtained at comparatively short intervals or stores of
fat be laid on prior to migration. If the smaller migrants were to
make protracted flights by day they would arrive at their destination
at nightfall almost exhausted, but since they are entirely daylight
feeders, they would be unable to obtain food until the following
morning. Unless reserve energy was carried in the form of fat, the
inability to feed would delay further flights and result in great
exhaustion or possibly even death should their evening arrival
coincide with cold or stormy weather. By traveling at night, they
can pause at daybreak and devote the entire period of daylight
to alternate feeding and resting. This schedule permits complete
recuperation and resumption of the journey on a subsequent evening
after sufficient energy has been restored.
The day migrants include, in addition to some of the ducks and geese,
the loons, cranes, gulls, pelicans, hawks, swallows, nighthawks,
and swifts. Soaring birds, including broad-winged hawks, storks,
and vultures, can only migrate during the day because their mode
of flight makes them dependent on up-drafts created by heat from
the sun for their long distance travels. On the other hand, swifts
and swallows feed entirely on diurnal flying insects. The circling
flocks are frequently seen in late summer feeding as they travel
while working gradually southward. Formerly, great flocks of
red-tailed, Swainson's, and rough-legged hawks could be seen wheeling
majestically across the sky in the Plains States. In the East, good
flights of broad-winged, Cooper's, and sharp-shinned hawks are still
often seen, particularly along the Appalachian ridges.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account