_Ans_.--Estimate strength by length of time it takes to pass a given point. Assuming that infantry in column of squads occupies half a yard per man, cavalry in column of fours 1 yard per trooper, and artillery in single column 20 yards per gun or caisson, a given point would be passed in one minute by about: 175 infantry, 110 cavalry at walk, 200 cavalry at trot, 5 guns or caissons. 5. Suppose on patrol and safely concealed for sighting the enemy at no great distance, by what rough method would you ascertain the approximate strength of the force assuming it to be composed of infantry, cavalry and artillery? See answer No. 4. 6. What is the composition and arrangement of the advance guard? _Ans_.--All arms of the service. In open country much cavalry and field artillery, the latter seldom assigned to command smaller than a brigade. Also machine guns, ambulance company if the force is large and engineers for purpose of removing obstacles to the march. Large command; advance cavalry, support, reserve. Small command; point, advance party, support, reserve. Strength should be 1/20 to 1/3, depending on size of command and character of terrain. Advance guard increases in size proportionately with size of command. Why? 7. Define: (a) Outguard; they constitute small detachments farthest to the front and nearest to the enemy. (b) Cossack post; observation group at indicated point consisting of four men, post single sentinel. (c) Picket; small command up to platoon placed in line of outguards at more important points such as road forks. 8. What is an order? _Ans_.--Orders are used by commanders of divisions and separate brigades for regulating the movement and supply of field trains, fixing position of distributing points for rations and forage, in short, have to do with supplies of all kinds, especially food. Form: The heading. The distribution of troops (in certain orders). The body. The ending. The Body contains: 1. Information about the enemy and our supporting troops. 2. General plan of the commander. 3. Disposition of the troops. 4. Instructions for the trains. 5. Where the commander may be found or messages are to be sent. 9. During an advance what is the general order of advance of a column? _Ans_.--Cavalry and horse artillery. Infantry and light artillery. Engineering and signal troops. Trains. 10. What is the average march per day of various arms? _Ans_.--Infantry, 15 miles per day. Infantry in large bodies, 12 miles per day. Cavalry, 25 miles per day. Field artillery, 15 to 20 miles per day. Horse artillery, same as cavalry, to which it may be attached. Forced marches are from 28 to 30 miles for infantry. 11. How is the escort distributed in guarded convoys? _Ans._--Advance guard, with advance cavalry 3 to 5 miles ahead.