Military schools and courses of instruction in the science and art of war,: in France, Prussia, Austria, Russia, Sweden, Switzerland, Sardinia, England, and the United States. Drawn from recent official reports and documents. Revised Edition
History
Military schools and courses of instruction in the science and art of war,: in France, Prussia, Austria, Russia, Sweden, Switzerland, Sardinia, England, and the United States. Drawn from recent official reports and documents. Revised Edition
Military education
Use of the chemical hygrometer, the wet bulb hygrometer.
Rehearsal of the leading experiments on magnetism.
To magnetize a needle, to reverse its poles.
Rehearsal of the principal experiments of statical electricity.
Experiments verificatory of the laws of electricity and magnetism.
Use of compasses.
_SECOND YEAR._
Experiments upon the chemical actions of poles.
Leading experiments in electro-dynamics.
Leading experiments upon the magnetic properties of currents.
Experiments on induction.
Experiments on the calorific and luminous actions of currents.
Quantitative experiments on the laws of currents.
Experiments on the propagation of sound; on the vibrations of rods of
plane or curved plates, membranes, sonorous tubes.
Experiments on mirrors, plane or curved.
Experiments on lenses. Experiments on the decomposition of light by the
prism--by absorption. Measures of the indices of the refraction of
solids. Use of the magnifying glass and microscope; measure of the
magnifying power. Use of different telescopes, with and without
corrections. Measure of the magnifying power. Experiments on double
refraction and polarization. Experiments on interferences and colored
rings.
ORGANIZATION AND CONDITION IN 1869.
The organization of the school, which is fixed by a Decree dated Nov.
30th, 1863, is of a military character. There is a staff of military
officers in addition to, and quite separate from, the staff employed in
the duties of instruction. The pupils wear uniform, which, however, is
more civil than military in appearance. They are formed into four
companies which together constitute a battalion; and, although they are
not actually subject to the penal code of the army, the discipline
maintained and the punishments inflicted are entirety military in
character.
The military establishment remains exactly as it was in 1856, and
consists of:
The Commandant, a General Officer, usually of the Artillery or the
Engineers, at present a General of Artillery.
A Second Commandant, a colonel or lieutenant-colonel, chosen from among
the former pupils of the school; at present a colonel of Engineers.
Three captains of Artillery and three captains of Engineers, as
inspectors of studies, chosen also from former pupils of the school.
Six adjutants (_adjudants_), non-commissioned officers, usually such as
have been recommended for promotion.
Slight changes have been made in the civil establishment; it now
consists of:--
1. A Director of Studies, at present a colonel of Engineers.
2. Seventeen professors,[12] (two additional professors for history)
seventeen _Répétiteurs_ and assistant _Répétiteurs_, and five drawing
masters. Of the 17 professors, two are at present officers of Engineers,
and one an officer of Artillery; the remainder are civilians, of whom
three are members of the Academy of Sciences.
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