Milton, John, 1608-1674; Poets, English -- Early modern, 1500-1700 -- Biography
This much is agreed, that of all English styles Milton's is best entitled
to the name of Classic. In his poems may be found every device that
belongs to the Classic manner, as in Shakespeare's plays may be found
every device that belongs distinctively to the Romantic. Perhaps the two
manners are best compared by the juxtaposition of descriptive passages.
In description it is impossible for literature to be exhaustive; a choice
must be made, an aspect emphasised, and by far the greater part left to
the imagination of the reader. A man, for instance, has stature, feature,
bones, muscles, nerves, entrails; his eyes, hair, and skin are of certain
colours; he stands in a particular attitude at a particular spot on the
surface of the earth; he is agitated by certain passions and ideas; every
movement that he makes is related to his constitution and his past
history; he has affinity with other men by the ties of the family, the
society, the State; he thinks and acts more in a minute than a hundred
writers can describe and explain in a year; he is a laughing, weeping,
money-making, clothes-wearing, lying, reasoning, worshipping, amorous,
credulous, sceptical, imitative, combative, gregarious, prehensile,
two-legged animal. He does not cease to be all this and more, merely
because he happens to be at one of his thousand tricks, and you catch him
in the act. How do you propose to describe him?
Broadly speaking, there are two methods available. You may begin with the
more general and comprehensive of the relations that fall in with your
purpose, securing breadth of view and truth in the larger values, leaving
the imagination to supply the more particular and personal details on the
barest of hints from you: or you may fix your gaze exclusively on some
vivid cluster of details, indicating their remoter relations and their
place in a wider perspective by a few vague suggestions.
The first of these ways is Milton's. He maps out his descriptions in bold
outline, attending always to the unity of the picture and the truth of
the larger relations. He is chary of detail, and what he adds is added
for its own immediate importance rather than for its remoter power of
suggestion. Adam and Eve when they are first introduced, are thus
described:--
Two of far nobler shape, erect and tall,
Godlike erect, with native honour clad
In naked majesty, seemed lords of all,
And worthy seemed; for in their looks divine
The image of their glorious Maker shone,
Truth, wisdom, sanctitude severe and pure,--
Severe, but in true filial freedom placed,
Whence true authority in men.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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