Milton's Tercentenary: An address delivered before the Modern Language Club of Yale University on Milton's Three Hundredth Birthday. — John Shaqi
Milton's Tercentenary: An address delivered before the Modern Language Club of Yale University on Milton's Three Hundredth Birthday.Beers, Henry A. (Henry Augustin)
General
Milton's Tercentenary: An address delivered before the Modern Language Club of Yale University on Milton's Three Hundredth Birthday.
It is curious how Milton's early poems have changed places in favor
with _Paradise Lost_. They were neglected for over a century. Joseph
Warton testifies in 1756 that they had only "very lately met with a
suitable regard"; had lain "in a sort of obscurity, the private
enjoyment of a few curious readers." And Dr. Johnson exclaims: "Surely
no man could have fancied that he read _Lycidas_ with pleasure, had he
not known its author." There can be little doubt that now-a-days
Milton's juvenilia are more read than _Paradise Lost_, and by
many--perhaps by a majority of readers--rated higher. In this opinion
I do not share. _Paradise Lost_ seems to me not only greater work,
more important, than the minor pieces, but better poetry, richer and
perfecter. Yet one quality these early poems have which _Paradise
Lost_ has not--charm. Milton's epic astonishes, moves, delights, but
it does not fascinate. The youthful Milton was sensitive to many
attractions which he afterwards came to look upon with stern
disapproval. He went to the theatre and praised the comedies of
Shakspere and Jonson; he loved the romances of chivalry and fairy
tales; he had no objection to dancing, ale drinking, the music of the
fiddle and rural sports; he writes to Diodati of the pretty girls on
the London streets; he celebrates the Catholic and Gothic elegancies of
English church architecture and ritual, the cloister's pale, the organ
music and full voiced choir, the high embowed roof, and the storied
windows which his military friends were soon to smash at Ely,
Salisbury, Canterbury, Lichfield, as popish idolatries. But in
_Iconoclastes_ we find him sneering at the king for keeping a copy of
Shakspere in his closet. In his treatise _Of Reformation_ he denounces
the prelates for "embezzling the treasury of the church on painted and
gilded walls of temples, wherein God hath testified to have no
delight." Evidently the Anglican service was one of those "gay
religions, rich with pomp and gold" to which he alludes in _Paradise
Lost_. A chorus commends Samson the Nazarene for drinking nothing but
water. Modern tragedies are condemned for "mixing comic stuff with
tragic sadness and gravity, or introducing trivial and vulgar
persons"--as Shakspere does. In _Paradise Lost_ the poet speaks with
contempt of the romances whose "chief mastery" it was
--to dissect,
With long and tedious havoc, fabled knights
In battles feigned."
And in _Paradise Regained_ he even disparages his beloved classics,
preferring the psalms of David, the Hebrew prophecies and the Mosaic
law, to the poets, philosophers and orators of Athens.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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