Nor should any reader be deterred from making the examination by the
strictures which have been given above on Cleveland's purely poetical
methods and merits. These strictures were made as cautions, and as a
kind of antidote to the writer's own undisguised partiality for the
'metaphysical' style. It is true that Cleveland, like Benlowes, has
something of a helot of that style about him: and that his want of
purely lyrical power deprives his readers of much of the solace of
his (if not of their) sin. But those natures must be very morose, very
prosaic, or at best steeled against everything else by abhorrence of
'False Wit' who can withstand a certain tickling of amused enjoyment
at the enormous yet sometimes pretty quaintnesses of 'Fuscara' itself;
and still more at those of the 'To the State of Love', which is
his happiest non-satirical thing. From the preliminary wish to be a
'Shaker' to the final description of Chanticleer as
That Baron Tell-Clock of the night,
the thing is a kind of a carnival of conceit, a fairy-tale of the
fantastic. 'To Julia to expedite her Promise' is somewhat more
laboured and so less happy: and the loss of the lyric form in 'The
Hecatomb to his Mistress' is considerable. The heroic couplet squares
ill with this sort of thing: but the octasyllabic admits it fairly,
and so 'The Antiplatonic' with its greater part, and 'Upon Phillis
walking' with the whole in this metre, are preferable. Yet it must be
acknowledged that one heroic couplet in the former--
Like an ambassador that beds a queen
With the nice caution of a sword between,
is worthy of Dryden. Most of the other _seria_ are but _nugae_: and
the chief interest of the 'Edward King' epicede, besides its contrast
with _Lycidas_, is its pretty certain position as model to Dryden's
'Lord Hastings'. But the two 'Mark Antony' pieces and 'Square-Cap'
demand, both from the point of view of tone and from that of metre,
more attention than was given to them above.
If any one not previously acquainted with the piece or the discussions
about it will turn to the text of 'Mark Antony' and read it either
aloud or to himself, I should say that, in the common phrase, it is
a toss-up what scansion his voice will adopt supposing that he
'commences with the commencement'. The first stanza can run quite
agreeably to the usual metrical arrangements of the time, thus:
When as | the night|ingale | chanted | her vespers
And the | wild for|ester | couched on | the ground,
Venus | invi|ted me | in th' eve|ning whispers
Unto | a fra|grant field | with ros|es crowned,
Where she | before | had sent
My wish|es' com|pliment;
Unto | my heart's | content
Played with | me on | the green.
Never | Mark Ant|ony
Dallied | more wan|tonly
With the fair | Egypt|ian Queen.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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