ཅེས་པ་, colophon. According to J. = ཅེས་སྨྲས་པ་, ‘that which has been spoken,’ i.e. ‘speech, word,’ etc. Corresponds very closely to D. ‘het gesprokene, het gezegde’ or L. ‘dictum.’ Here, however, the meaning may be extended to ‘piece of writing’ (D. ‘het geschrevene,’ L. ‘scriptum’) or perhaps even more generally ‘the above, the foregoing.’ The other use of the expression, as an abbreviation for ཅེས་བྱ་བ་, ‘the so-called,’ is here, of course, not applicable. གཅིག་པུ་ (or པོ་) see དྭངས་མར་. ལྕགས་ཀྱུ་ see ཀྱུ་. ལྕགས་ནག་ see ཀྱུ་. ལྕགས་རི་ see ཀྱུ་. ཆགས་སྡང་, 22. In J. ‘love and hatred,’ but here better ‘attraction (for the pleasant) and repulsion (for the unpleasant),’ in other words: ‘non-attachment (to weal and woe), indifference (to the ups and downs of life),’ or again ‘bondage’ (to emotions, impressions, etc.). S. Ch. D. has ‘passion for, passionate attachment.’ It is the German ‘Lust und Unlust.’ ཆུ་གཏེར་ see གཏེར་. ཆུ་པ་ see སྐྱོ་བ་. ཆོ་པ་ see སྐྱོ་བ་. ཆོས་ཀྱི་དབྱིངས་ see སྤྲོས་བྲལ་. ཆོས་ཚུལ་བཞིན་, 34. To be construed: ཆོས་ + ཚུལ་བཞིན་ (པ་ or དུ་), and not as ཆོས་ཚུལ་ + བཞིན་, etc. ཆོས་མཛད་ (མཁན་), 43. Here most likely in the stricter sense those who have devoted, given, themselves (entirely) to the religious life, i.e. those who have entered the order, the དགེ་སློང་ or even གྲྭ་པ་, learners, pupils, lay-brothers. Cf. however, J. s.v. ཆོས་བྱེད་པ་, p. 163a, and Desg. who has a subst. ཆོས་མཛད་, ‘lamaist dignity, rank,’ p. 333b. ཆོས་ཟབ་, 10. Stands here for ཟབ་པའི་ཆོས་, or ཆོས་ཟབ་མོ་, ‘the deep, profound, doctrine, teaching, religion.’ Perhaps an allusion to the ཟབ་ ལམ་, the ‘profound doctrine of Buddhism as explained in the Tantras’ (S. Ch. D. s.v. ཟབ་ལམ་). J. renders it ‘a term of Buddhist mysticism, doctrine of witchcraft,’ whilst Desg. translates the term as ‘doctrina magica.’ ཆོས་ཟབ་ instead of ཟབ་ཆོས་ perhaps for metrical reasons; in ordinary speech the inversion seems not usual. See also ཟབ་པ་. ཆོས་སེམས་ཅན་ see ཁྲེལ་བ་. མཆོད་གདན་ see གདན་. འཆང་བ་, 46. ‘To hold, to keep, to stick to, adhere to.’ མ་འཆང་བར་ ‘not keeping (it) so, not preserving, maintaining (it) in that (the same) state, not letting (it) continue in the same way, not keeping up the state of, not persisting in (the same way)’ etc. Freely translated by its reverse: rectifying, redressing, correcting, changing (one’s attitude, condition, action, etc., previously referred to). འཆད་ཉན་པ་ see བཤད་ཉན་. མཇུག་ see རྗེས་མཇུག་པ་. འཇུག་ see རྗེས་མཇུག་པ་. རྗེས་མཇུག་པ་, 45. Not in the Dicts., lit. ‘after-track,’ is here, ‘followers, pupils, disciples, adherents.’ Though འཇུག་ is sometimes used for མཇུག་, see J. 177a, last line, the word རྗེས་འཇུག་, ‘affix, final consonant,’ a grammatical term, is of course different, as well as J.’s adj. ‘following, coming after.’ The word has also the meaning ‘orphan’ (those left behind). See also under ཁོ་བོའི་, etc. བརྗོད་པ་ see མཚན་བརྗོད་པ་. ཉ་ཀུག་ see ཀྱུ་.