བརྩོན་པར་བགྱིད་པ་, 24. Equals བརྩོན་པར་བྱེད་པ་ (or གྱུར་བ་) ‘to apply oneself, exert oneself, put one’s best energy into something’ = སྙིང་རུས་བྱེད་པ་, ‘to be zealous, diligent.’ Also བརྩོན་འགྲུས་སྐྱེད་པ་ (བྱེད་པ་, རྩོམ་པ་). ཚུལ་, 28. Here ‘conduct, behaviour’ pure and simple, without allusion to the ཚུལ་ཁྲིམས་, ‘religious law, discipline, monastic rules.’ ཚུལ་བཞིན་ see ཆོས་ཚུལ་བཞིན་. མཚན་, 53. Here technically the (thirty-two) characteristic signs or marks of a ‘Great Man,’ the mahāpurusha. Mahāvyutpatti (Ed. A. S. B.), LXIII, p. 92. De Harlez, ‘Vocabulaire Bouddhique Sanscrit-Chinois,’ no. 3. Schiefner, ‘Triglotte,’ no. 3. See de la Vallée Poussin, ‘Bouddhisme,’ pp. 241 et seq. The transition of meaning of the word མཚན་ in modern Tibetan in such expressions as མཚན་ལྡན་བླ་མ་, ‘a holy lama,’ or མཚན་ལྡན་མ་, ‘a woman of good appearance and virtues’ (S. Ch. D.) should not be overlooked in the interpretation of our passage for its psychological value. See also དཔེ་. མཚན་ལྡན་ see མཚན་. མཚན་དཔེ་, 53. This is a compound substantive of an elliptic nature, and means: ‘the [well known 32 primary] characteristics [and the 80] beauties [of Buddhas]’ = མཚན་དང་དཔེ་བྱད་ (བཟང་པོ་). See also མཚན་ and དཔེ་. མཚན་འཛིན་, 30. མཚན་ is here hon. of མིང་ ‘name,’ and the compound, literally ‘name grasping,’ means ‘ambition, thirst for fame, glory,’ etc. (D. eerzucht, roemzucht), perhaps even ‘vainglory, pride, conceit, egotism,’ i.e. the hugging of one’s own name and fame. མཚན་བརྗོད་པ་, 7. To invoke by name, to address a prayer to by name. Applied to both spiritual and human beings. རྒྱལ་པོའི་མཚན་བརྗོད་པ་, ‘to address the king, speak to the king, direct, appeal to the king,’ but always by calling him by his name. ‘O king help me’ is not a proper example of མཚན་བརྗོད་པ་, but ‘O, thou, King George, help me!’ would be one. To spiritual beings their names may be expressed in a paraphrase, metaphor or symbol, but they must be expressed in some way. The prayers to superhuman beings may be twofold, either an address containing requests, etc., or a mere litany of names without any further subject matter attached to them. The one is a recitation of names, the other a direct address by name; the one a litany proper, the other an invocation or prayer. འཚོལ་བ་, 19. The form མི་འཚོལ་བས་ was paraphrased to me as འཚོལ་གི་མིན་ = འཚོལ་མི་ཡོང་ = simple future, ‘not going to seek’ (D. niet zullende zoeken). ཞིབ་དཔྱད་ see རྟོག་དཔྱོད་. ཞེ་ཁྲེལ་བ་ see ཁྲེལ་བ་. ཞེན་པ་ལོག་པ་ see ཁྲེལ་བ་. གཞན་བསྟན་ (པ་) འཛིན་པ་ see རང་བསྟན་ (པ་) འཛིན་པ་. གཞུང་ see ཁྲེལ་བ་. གཞུང་སྒོ་ see སྒོ་. གཞུངས་པ་ see ཁྲེལ་བ་. གཞེས་ see མགུར་མ་. བཞག་པ་ see རྒྱན་པ་.