In my account of the Nereids properly so-called, reference was made to
certain beings known in the Cyclades as ἀγιελοῦδες or γιαλοῦδες and
reckoned by several writers[462] among the nymphs of the sea. In this
they certainly have the support of popular etymology; for in Amorgos
Theodore Bent[463] heard that ‘an evil spirit lived close by, which now
and again rises out of the sea and seizes infants; hence it is called
Gialoù (from γιαλός[464], the sea (_sic_)).’ But it is, I think, only
an erroneous association by the inhabitants of the Cyclades of two
like-sounding words which has caused the Ἀγιελοῦδες to be regarded
as marine demons; Bent’s information transposes cause and effect.
Elsewhere in Greece there are known certain beings called Γελλοῦδες or
Γιλλοῦδες, female demons with a propensity to carry off young children
and to devour them; and it is strange that so careful an authority on
Greek folk-lore as Bernhard Schmidt should not have recognised that the
name ἀγιελοῦδες employed in some of the Cyclades is only a dialectic
form of the commoner γελλοῦδες[465] with an euphonetic ἀ prefixed as in
the case of νεράϊδες and ἀνεράϊδες. Enquiry in Tenos revealed to me the
fact, not mentioned, though perhaps implied, in the statement of Bent,
that the ἀγιελοῦδες are there believed to feed upon the children whom
they carry off. This trait at once confirms their identity with the
γελλοῦδες, and renders it impossible to class them as a form of nymph.
It is of course believed that nymphs of the sea or of rivers, when they
carry off human children to their watery habitations, do incidentally
drown them, but by an oversight and not of malice prepense. But
savagely to prey upon human flesh--for all the nymphs’ wantonness and
cruelty, that is a thing abhorrent from their nature and inconceivable
in them. This horrid propensity proves the γελλοῦδες or ἀγιελοῦδες to
be a separate class of female demons.
The chief authority on these malignant beings is Leo Allatius[466],
who both quotes a series of passages which enable us to trace the
development of the belief in them, and also tells a story which is the
only source of evidence concerning other of their characteristics than
their appetite for the flesh of infants.
Their prototype, mentioned, we are told, by Sappho, was the maiden
Gello, whose spectre after her untimely end was said by the people of
Lesbos to beset children and to be chargeable with the early deaths of
infants[467].
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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