Produced by Marius Masi, Juliet Sutherland and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net Transcriber's note: A few typographical errors have been corrected: they are listed at the end of the text. Some section headings were originally constructed as side-notes. They were placed here at the head of their respective paragraphs, and moved to paragraph's start where given at paragraph's middle. See HTML version for the original headers placement. Bold passages are enclosed by the '+' sign. [Illustration: THE KAPELLBRUeCKE, LUCERNE FROM A DRAWING BY RUSKIN] Library Edition THE COMPLETE WORKS OF JOHN RUSKIN MODERN PAINTERS VOLUME IV--OF MOUNTAIN BEAUTY /OF LEAF BEAUTY VOLUME V < OF CLOUD BEAUTY \OF IDEAS OF RELATION NATIONAL LIBRARY ASSOCIATION NEW YORK CHICAGO MODERN PAINTERS. VOLUME IV., CONTAINING PART V., OF MOUNTAIN BEAUTY. [Illustration: The Gates of the Hills.] PREFACE. I was in hopes that this volume might have gone its way without preface; but as I look over the sheets, I find in them various fallings short of old purposes which require a word of explanation. Of which shortcomings, the chief is the want of reference to the landscape of the Poussins and Salvator; my original intention having been to give various examples of their mountain-drawing, that it might be compared with Turner's. But the ten years intervening between the commencement of this work and its continuation have taught me, among other things, that Life is shorter and less availably divisible than I had supposed: and I think now that its hours may be better employed than in making facsimiles of bad work. It would have required the greatest care, and prolonged labor, to give uncaricatured representations of Salvator's painting, or of any other work depending on the free dashes of the brush, so as neither to mend nor mar it. Perhaps in the next volume I may give one or two examples associated with vegetation; but in general, I shall be content with directing the reader's attention to the facts in nature, and in Turner; leaving him to carry out for himself whatever comparisons he may judge expedient.