Moonlight Schools for the Emancipation of Adult IlliteratesStewart, Cora Wilson
History
Moonlight Schools for the Emancipation of Adult Illiterates
Stewart, Cora Wilson
Education -- Kentucky; Literacy -- Kentucky
It was surprising how readily these grown folk mastered certain
subjects. Despite the fears of some educators that violence was
being done to psychology in the attempt to teach them, the grown
folk learned, and learned with ease. One eminent psychologist, who
early gave encouragement to the movement, wrote me saying,--“In the
moonlight schools you are demonstrating what I have always believed,
that reading, writing and arithmetic are comparatively easy subjects
for the adult mind.” Some educators, however, declared preposterous
the claims we made that grown people were learning to read and write.
It was contrary to the principles of psychology, they said. While they
went around saying it couldn’t be done, we went on doing it. We asked
the doubters this question, “When a fact disputes a theory, is it not
time to discard the theory?” There was no reply.
The memory subjects were the most difficult for these adult students.
They had passed the “golden memory period,” most of them, many years
ago, and though they had memorized ballads, folk-lore and recipes to
some extent, nevertheless, memory was in them a thing practically
untrained.
They were taught only a few memory gems. The first one was from
Whittier’s poem, “Our State.” It was the motto at the head of the
little newspaper which they used for a reading text:
The riches of the Commonwealth
Are free, strong minds and hearts of health,
And dearer far than gold or grain
Are cunning hand and cultured brain.
The following lines from Longfellow’s “The Ladder of St. Augustine,”
were popular as a memory gem, comparing as it did with their own ladder
of enlightenment, of which they were just mounting the first round:
The heights by great men reached and kept
Were not attained by sudden flight,
But they, while their companions slept,
Were toiling upward in the night.
Another gem precious to them was this one taught them by a Louisville
club woman, who at the age of seventy-five came and traveled over the
hills at night, inspired by a desire to see and to help these men and
women who had heroically begun their education late in life:
He prayeth best, who loveth best
All things both great and small;
For the dear God who loveth us,
He made and loveth all.
Only one complete poem was to be memorized during the session. What
should it be? With the world so full of poet lore to choose from,
should it be Burns’ “To a Mountain Daisy,” Bryant’s “To a Waterfowl,”
Lanier’s “Ballad of Trees and the Master,” Wordsworth’s “The
Daffodils,” Tennyson’s “Crossing the Bar” or should some other gem of
poetry be bestowed on those who possessed not even one? The one who
introduces the first poem to students like these stands on holy ground,
and should prayerfully make the choice. As literature, the selection
made might be criticised by some, but as the needed inspiration, the
choice was one that met the test.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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