This activity at the outset, which is everywhere the same, in media
differing so greatly in aroma and flavour, would lead us to suppose, at
first thoughts, that the young Cerambyx is endowed with a highly
complaisant stomach and can feed on the fig-tree, oozing with acrid
milk, the laurel, aromatic with essential oils, and the pine, saturated
with resin, as well as on the oak, seasoned with tannin. Reflection
persuades us that we are mistaken. The little creature is not engaged
in eating: it is toiling to make itself a deep lodging in which it can
feast in peace.
When examined through the lens, the sawdust confirms our theory: this
dust has not passed through the digestive canal; it has played no part
in feeding the grub. It is only so much meal, crumbled by the
mandibles, and nothing more.
When appetite has come and the requisite depth has been reached, the
grub at last begins to eat. If it finds the traditional food ready to
its teeth, the sap-wood of the oak, with its astringent flavour, it
gorges itself and proceeds to digest. If it finds nothing of the sort,
it abstains from eating. This is certainly the reason why the heap of
sawdust grows larger on the billet of oak but remains indefinitely
stationary on the others.
What do they do in their little galleries, these grubs subjected to a
strict fast in the absence of suitable victuals? In March, six months
after the hatching, I look into the matter. I split the billets. There
they are, the little grubs, no larger, but still lively, swaying their
heads to and fro if I disturb them. This persistence of life in such
puny creatures deprived of food rouses our astonishment. It reminds us
of the grubs of the Attelabus-beetle, which, subjected to the drought
of summer in their little kegs made of a strip of oak-leaf, cease
eating and slumber, half-dead, for four or five months, until the
autumn rains have softened their food.
When I myself produced rain, a thing not beyond my power, so far as the
needs of a grub are concerned, when I softened the rigid kegs and made
them edible by a brief immersion in water, the recluses used to return
to life, begin to eat again and continue their larval development
without further check. Similarly, after six months’ fasting in the
heart of inacceptable sticks, the Capricorn grubs would have recovered
their strength and activity if I had removed them and put before them a
freshly-cut billet of oak. I did not do it, so certain did the success
of the experiment appear.
I had other schemes in view. I wished to learn how long this arrested
life could be prolonged. A year after the hatching, I examined my
specimens again. This time I have gone too far. All the grubs are dead,
reduced to dark brown granules; only those in the oak are alive and
already well-grown. The experiment is conclusive; the Great Capricorn
has the oak for her domain; any other tree is fatal to her grub.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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