Let us recapitulate these details, to which it were easy to add
indefinitely. Among the vegetarian insects are some that are
omnivorous, by which we mean that they are able to feed on a great
variety of plants, but not on all indifferently: that goes without
saying. These consumers of miscellaneous foodstuffs are in the
minority. The others specialize, some more and others less strictly.
One guest at the great banquet of the animal world requires a vegetable
family, a group, a genus flavoured with certain alkaloids; another
needs a given plant, sometimes faintly and sometimes highly flavoured;
a third demands a seed, apart from which nothing is of use to it; and
others require their pod, bud, or blossom, their bark, root or bough
respectively. So it is with one and all. Each insect has its exclusive
tastes, narrowly limited, to the point of refusing the close equivalent
of the thing accepted.
Lest we lose our way in the inextricable throng at the entomological
banquet let us consider separately our two Capricorns, Cerambyx heros
and C. cerdo. No two creatures could be more alike than these two
long-horned Beetles; the lesser is the very picture of the greater. Let
us also consider the three Saperdæ mentioned above. They are the same
shape, as though they had been turned out of similar moulds, so much so
that we should confound them if differences of size and above all of
colour did not proclaim them to be of separate species.
The theorists tell us that our two Capricorns and their congeners
spring from a common stock, ramified in various directions by the
action of the centuries. In the same way, our three Saperdæ and the
others are variations of a primitive type. The ancestors of the
Capricorns, the Saperdæ and the Longicorns in general are in their turn
descended from a remote precursor, who herself was descended from etc.,
etc. One more plunge into the darkness of the past and we shall soon
reach the origins of the zoological series. What begins at all? The
Protozoon. How? With a drop of albumen. The whole succession of living
creatures has gradually proceeded from this first clot of protoplasm.
As an effort of the imagination, this is magnificent. But the
observable facts, which alone are worthy of admission to the stern
records of science, the facts corroborated by experiment, cannot keep
pace with the Protozoon. They tell us that, as food is the primordial
factor of life, digestive capacities should be handed down by atavistic
inheritance even more than are the length of the antennæ, the colour of
the wing-cases and other details of quite secondary importance. To
bring about the present state of affairs, in which the diet is so
varied, the precursors must have eaten a little of everything. They
ought to have bequeathed to their descendants an omnivorous regimen,
which is a notable cause of prosperity.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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